Using MRI brain scans, researchers found that the area of the brain called the amygdala was, on average, 13 percent larger in young children with autism, compared with control group of children without autism.
Dr Roi Cohen Kadosh, study author from the department of experimental psychology at the University of Oxford, said the noise stimulation group showed improvements in cognitive and brain functions compared with the control group.
The drug did seem to help non-small-cell lung cancer patients live slightly longer compared with a control group.
The participants meditating also showed improved mental and cognitive functioning and lower levels of depression compared with the control group.
Neither company will comment on its work, but Pfizer recently published an animal study showing that a leukotriene blocker called CP-105, 696 shrank artery plaques dramatically in mice that were fed the compound for 35 days, as compared with a control group that didn't get the compound.
Among the meditation group, there were 20 such occurrences, compared with 32 in the control group.
Ketter and his colleagues compared a healthy control group with bipolar patients, depression patients, and a control group of graduate students in writing and the arts.
Even so, the students given the marked chips ate 20 and 24 chips on average (for the seven-chip and 14-chip tubes, respectively), compared with 45 chips in the control group.
In that study, the students whose tubes had markers after every 5 chips ate 14 chips, and those given tubes with markers every 10 chips ate 16 chips compared with 35 chips in the control group.
In one Baylor study of 66 potent men who had one nerve severed and regrafted, the estimated potency rate after two years was 86%, compared with 39% for a control group who had no sural nerve graft.
Last week, two studies from Sweden found that one hour a week of hypnotherapy for 12 weeks eased symptoms of irritable-bowel syndrome in 40% of patients (compared with 12% in a control group) and that the positive effects can last as long as seven years.
The study, started in the 1970s in Matlab, compared a group with access to contraception and birth-control education to a similar group that did not have access to those things.
We found that, compared with 32 normal people in a control group, psychopaths had an 18% smaller amygdala, which is critical for emotions like fear and is part of the neural circuitry underlying moral decision-making.
Overall, a quarter with advanced cancer said they had worked night shifts, compared with a third of those with borderline disease and one in five of the control group.
The compound annual growth rate of the orphan drug market between 2001 and 2010 was 25.8 percent, compared with 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs.
The researchers compared a group of 105 women who had all suffered recurrent spontaneous miscarriages with a carefully matched control group of 91 postmenopausal women who had never had a miscarriage and who had given birth at least twice.
Instead, Dr Peretz ran a test in which she compared her subject's emotional reactions to music with those of a control group of women whose temporal lobes were intact.
It compared the 1, 100 clients who had taken out an auto lease in the past with a control group of 14, 000 other members.
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