Stevens was charged in 2004 with violating interstate commerce laws by selling depictions of animal cruelty.
CNN: Free speech vs. animal cruelty videos in high-court case
Oneida-Herkimer, a case on the same constitutional issue, the Court determined laws that don't discriminate against private industry should also not be considered in violation of interstate commerce laws.
Arcelor Chief Executive Guy Dolle , who says he is still awaiting a concrete offer from billionaire steel raja Lakshmi Mittal, has refused to comment on attempts by the Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce to tighten takeover laws there to stymie the bid by Netherlands-based Mittal Steel.
And one more thing: the deal is apparently contingent on there being no changes to the federal laws regarding interstate commerce.
FORBES: Dramatic Turnabout in Amazon's Fight with California
In short, a business that is already outside normal anti-trust law (thanks to an ancient ruling that treats each game as a discrete activity within a single state, and thus exempt from the laws of interstate commerce) would become even more like a cartel.
Over time the definition of interstate commerce has broadened and given Congress the power to pass a number of laws as long as it regulates an economic activity connected to interstate commerce.
FORBES: The Economics of the Mandate Don't Matter: It's Constitutional
Congress has invoked its commerce power to pass a vast array of laws, from the Endangered Species Act to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, often over conservative complaints that such regulation exceeded the intent of the Constitution's framers.
Under the so-called "dormant Commerce Clause" doctrine (dormant because it isn't actually written anywhere) the Supreme Court has interpreted the Commerce Clause in the Constitution, which gives Congress the sole right to regulate interstate commerce, as a mandate to strike down state laws that interfere with same.
The Supreme Court has enforced the Commerce Clause aggressively in that context, striking down state laws that discriminate against out-of-state wineries, for example.
FORBES: Supreme Court May Hear Challenge To Ohio Satellite TV Tax
But issues such as privacy or consumer protection that could undermine support for e-commerce need a different answer, albeit one that draws on laws and policies developed in the offline world.
In order for antitrust laws to apply, a business must be engaged in interstate commerce.
Profitable as it can be, international commerce also carries the palpable risk of a run-in with different corporate laws.
London - Profitable as it can be, international commerce also carries the palpable risk of a run-in with different corporate laws.
Jason Moriarty, chief officer of commerce and employment, said it would help the industry realise that Guernsey's fishery laws had changed.
BBC: Brixham registered beam trawler in St Peter Port Harbour
In November, a bipartisan group of Senators asked the State Department and Commerce Department to investigate whether Blue Coat and NetApp had violated U.S. export laws.
FORBES: Surveillance Technology Firms Face Reputational Bust Amid Business Boom
Bernhard said he and his European associates might need time to become familiar with U.S. elections and laws, but Bernhard seems to have an idea about U.S. commerce.
He points out that Libya has enacted a new set of laws to increase transparency and make it easier to set up companies and engage in commerce.
Instead, the Department of Commerce and e-commerce firms are pushing for a different solution: in effect, a new system of private laws, which would avoid the requirement to abide by the laws of the countries where their customers live.
The U.S. Supreme Court in recent years has wrestled with federalism, striking down laws that it found to be too far removed from Congress' power to regulate interstate commerce, while upholding a law criminalizing the use of medicinal marijuana.
Although the Clinton administration favors allowing the industry to regulate itself, agencies such as the Department of Commerce and the Federal Trade Commission have been discussing how to encourage privacy protection and lawmakers have talked about enacting laws that would make Web sites liable for privacy breaches on their sites.
应用推荐