Half of the participants were asked to come to the lab on days forecast for rain, while the other half came in on sunny days.

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Thus the genome project would come to rely on new machines from lab equipment maker Applied Biosystems, which industrialized the process of counting these DNA letters, using tiny glass tubes that sorted DNA fragments by length.

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To understand these differences in more detail, a team had 156 couples come into the lab and describe a past situation that had led to some sort of unhappiness or frustration.

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The grafted skin could tear, and infection is possible from the trace amounts of murine cells, which come from lab rats or mice, used to aid skin growth.

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"If we can show this works in the lab, we can come up with a more practical way to apply it, " says Carstensen.

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The participating companies are required to come to New York for the program, and most have opened offices after the Lab and hired in the city because they realize that is where they need to be if they want to sell to the financial services industry.

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You come up with a great idea, but moving that new discovery from theory to practice or from the lab to the marketplace, that's a challenge.

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Goldstein of Loyalty Lab says customers will no doubt demand having their Web purchases count toward their rewards as they come to see a store as one entity across both channels.

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At the lab, Moore met up with Robert Noyce, a 28-year-old physicist who had come to Shockley by way of Grinnell College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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