Either way, the CO2 must be put somewhere, for which strategies include pumping it into rocky formations (such as depleted oil and gas wells) at a pressure of 100 atmospheres, or even piping it in liquid form under pressure onto the sea-floor where it is cold enough and the pressure high enough that it is hoped the material will stay there, assisted by the formation of CO2-hydrate.

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He was the master of the high-pressure cold call.

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This is the height of tornado season across much of the American Midwest, when the changing seasons bring that peculiar mix of moisture, hot and cold temperatures and varying atmospheric pressure that creates a funnel of death.

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For what causes the cold snaps is when an area of high pressure sits over the continent and, well, just sits there.

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The unusual weather is being caused by high pressure over Greenland and low pressure in the Baltic states, forcing cold winds across Europe.

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Meteorologists were blaming the nor'easter on the collision of two storm systems: cold air traveling south from Canada bumping into a moist low pressure system heading north from the Carolinas.

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Chronic hypobaric hypoxia (lack of oxygen): where the expedition will encounter equivalent altitudes up around 3, 800m due to the extreme cold temperatures and distance from the Equator which further decreases atmospheric pressure.

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"In wintertime, the cliff surface gets so cold that its temperature falls below the freezing point of CO2, which at low pressure goes directly to solid, " said Dr Musselwhite.

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He forecast a cold, frosty and mainly dry night in Britain and warned that the system of low pressure was likely to wreak more havoc in Germany and Poland overnight.

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