According to MedPAC, the independent commission that advises Congress on Medicare, 38 percent have cognitive or mental impairments, 22 percent have multiple physical impairments, and 23 percent live in nursing homes or other institutions.
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Those severe brain injury survivors who were left with a set of residual physical, cognitive, and mental health problems could no longer expect to get private insurance once their COBRA ran out.
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The participants meditating also showed improved mental and cognitive functioning and lower levels of depression compared with the control group.
Department official Tony Murphy explained how the work capability assessment process was a "wide ranging" test consisting of 10 physical and seven mental, cognitive and intellectual descriptors.
One such cognitive distortion is a negative mental filter.
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The Wason test suggests that analysing social contracts and analysing risk are what evolutionary psychologists call cognitive modules bundles of mental adaptations that act like bodily organs in that they are specialised to a particular job.
In the new government-funded study, volunteers ages 75 and older with either normal mental function or mild cognitive impairment took a twice-daily placebo or ginkgo biloba extract (for a total of 240 milligrams per day).
If you're in the people-selection business-in, say, a personnel or college admissions department-your job assignment can trigger a certain amount of cognitive dissonance, that being the mental disarray that comes from simultaneously holding two contradictory positions.
This is because when our attention is diverted, we use up valuable cognitive resources reorienting ourselves, leaving less mental energy for completing our work.
Dr. Gow said previous research with the Lothian group suggested people who participated in more social and intellectual activities at age 70 and had better cognitive abilities were the ones who scored higher on mental ability tests at age 11.
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Before beginning the study, participants were given standard cognitive tests, many involving executive-function tasks such as concentration and shifting from one mental task to another.
In dozens of small patient trials staged over three decades, cognitive behavioral therapy has been shown to be surprisingly effective in quelling an ever expanding array of mental maladies: depression, anxiety, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress syndrome, bulimia, hypochondria--even insomnia.
Cognitive scientists and child psychologists have determined that children develop a complex conceptual structure, a sort of mental taxonomy of the world around them, which they use to order and define objects when they see them.
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