Spanghero should have identified the meat as horse from its Romanian customs code, as well as its appearance, smell and price, he said.

CNN: UK arrests, French investigation in horse meat scandal

Prof Randell continued to badger civil servants and his efforts were helped by the appearance of several books about Bletchley and code-cracking that mentioned the machines used to read messages sent by the Wermacht, Luftwaffe and Hitler's generals.

BBC: The road to uncovering a wartime Colossus

The code, after all, forbids judges from engaging in conduct that undermines their impartiality or the appearance of impartiality.

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