The Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics will be housed at the university's James Clerk Maxwell Building.

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James Clerk Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism, derived in the mid-19th century, predicted the existence of radio waves.

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The first permanent colour photograph was taken by Thomas Sutton who was working with Clerk Maxwell and is a composite of three black and white pictures, each one taken through a red, green or blue filter.

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The work, which is described in the journal Nature, actually draws on observations made by several astronomical facilities, including the Keck and James Clerk Maxwell telescopes in Hawaii and the Hubble Space Telescope in orbit around the Earth.

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The chemical industry took off within a decade or so of Dmitri Mendeleev's arrangement of the chemical elements into the periodic table, just as radio communications followed James Clerk Maxwell's mathematical unification of electricity and magnetism, and antibiotics came after Pasteur and Koch.

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The photograph was first seen at King's College London during a Royal Institution lecture on colour theory by the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell on the 17 May 1861 and the college is marking the 150th anniversary of that demonstration with an evening of talks celebrating his scientific discoveries.

BBC: Pioneering colour photography

If it were not for this kick, the apparatus would be behaving just like Maxwell's Demon, a hypothetical creature (conceived of in the 19th century by James Clerk Maxwell) that could cause the spontaneous separation of hot and cold particles and thus do serious damage to some of the laws of physics.

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Looking at the ease with which we now capture colour pictures and transmit them around the world in seconds it's easy to forget that it was not that long ago news agencies were transmitting their wire photographs as colour separations, usually cyan, magenta and yellow - a process that relied on Clerk Maxwell's discovery.

BBC: Pioneering colour photography