The standard's global deployment is pervasive, and the span of stakeholders in its ongoing development is sweeping, including network component and system manufacturers (optical transceivers, cabling, integrated circuit, powering devices, switches and network interface cards, for example) and network, software and bandwidth providers, as well as LAN and Internet users worldwide.

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Micro-grids are an important solution: a combination of a generator and hardened distribution system can supply reliable and larger quantities of electricity to a small circuit of users including emergency services, shelters, gas stations and grocery stores.

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The Global Positioning System circuit, several power converters and a set of devices that route commands to various pieces of equipment were switched off.

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Former CEO Lawrence Bossidy, who generally shunned the capital's political circuit, sometimes expressed outright disdain for politicians and the entire system of political giving.

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Chrysler found cracks in a circuit board that turns the four-wheel-drive system on and off.

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And inter-circuit competition is essential for our common-law system to work well.

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Figure in the cost of the memory plus the larger circuit boards needed for rival systems, and the VideoLogic-NEC team claims its system costs hardware makers half as much as one using older technologies.

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