In its 500, 000 hectares of cultivable land, the Chapare has nearly 40, 000 under coca.
The Chapare's population has already fallen: perhaps by as much as 50, 000 people, to around 100, 000.
But Jose Guillermo Justiniano, the development minister, says that in the Chapare, zero tolerance will continue.
In the Chapare, coca was planted on flat land and could be harvested in its first year.
Many Bolivians came to accept coca eradication in the Chapare as a necessary attack on organised crime.
Mr Morales faces pressure to allow more coca in the Chapare, a big centre of the drug industry a decade ago.
In Bolivia, the Chapare is split uneasily between those who have embraced the new ways and those who still follow the cocalero unions.
The Chapare accord works out to one cato (a measure equal to 1, 600 square metres) for each of the 23, 000 families who signed up to it.
Mr Morales's demand for more coca in the Chapare region does not resonate in the parts of the Yungas where coca is grown legally for traditional use.
Still, by now, in the big coca-growing area the tropical Chapare region, inland from the Andes three times as much land is used for these crops as for coca.
Alternative development is already widespread in Chapare, reaching some 50, 000 people on 112, 000 hectares of land nearly 40% of the region's population and 50% of land suitable for commercial activity.
After the shrinkage of the industry in the mid-1980s, many of the miners left their highland homes, encouraged by government resettlement programmes, to become farmers in the tropical Chapare lowlands, east of the Andes.
They have already won a small victory: an American-financed army unit set up last year to clear coca farmers' roadblocks in the Chapare (formerly the main growing area) is being disbanded, after several mistakes by trigger-happy troops.
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