Federal research funds were prohibited for embryonic stem-cell research until August 2001, when Bush approved spending for research using only already-existing cell lines.
They derived the actual stem-cell lines for each of these patients, nine of the 11 patients.
He decreed that no U.S. funding can go to new stem-cell lines ("That cluster of cells is the same way you and I started our lives").
The complexities of funding, some say, are even more challenging than access issues to the stem cell lines -- and working out the details could take months.
Once you've got them, you don't need to destroy any more embryos, but each time you get a new one of these embryonic stem-cell lines, you need to destroy an embryo.
In 2001, President George W. Bush banned all federal funding for human embryonic stem cell research, except on a handful of "pre-existing" stem cell lines.
Supporters of ongoing stem cell research -- which is controversial enough on its own because some existing stem cell lines were created from cells extracted from aborted fetuses -- say the field of study holds the promise of reversing or even curing many diseases.
These disease-specific stem cell lines will also be invaluable in testing out new therapies.
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Baxter International is now in late-stage trials in Europe using green-monkey kidney cell lines to grow the virus in vats.
A. Non-embryonic stem cell lines involve cells that are more differentiated and thus less capable of being programmed into various cell lines.
Why not do this research with non-embryonic stem cell lines?
Doerflinger said his group is in favor of federal funding of research on non-embryonic stem cell lines, using adult tissue, or tissue from fetuses which died of natural causes.
Only last year, she said, Egli and Paull and their colleagues demonstrated that the nuclear transfer of eggs cells could generate patient-specific stem cell lines for potential cell replacement therapy to treat diseases like diabetes.
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In an in vivo model using severe combined immunodeficient mice, subcutaneous tumors were generated by inoculating the animals with cells from human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines.
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Verizon reported that 4.6% of its customers cut off their local phone lines, the result of a continuing shift toward cell phone-only households as well as the decline in second phone lines used for Internet access.
Twenty-one of the 60 stem cell lines authorized for research under the Bush policy have proven useful to researchers.
The same thing occurred as the cell phone evolved from a substitute for telephone land-lines and handsets to a substitute for cameras, calculators, music players, game players, personal digital assistants and much more.
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Scientists found however, that feeder cells and serums derived from other animal cells introduced disease-causing agents that compromised the quality of the cell lines.
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In Japan already, you can sell cell phones as e-mail terminals because people are standing in lines in trains for one and a half hours.
Docomo was the first to have done well with a complete cell-phone system and Japan was the first to invest in fibre lines for consumer households.
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Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.) grilled him on the merits of the approved 64 cell lines.
In addition to cell towers and transmission lines, Roshan has constructed and financed playgrounds, sports facilities, e-learning centers, and schools all over Afghanistan.
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Instead of generating embryonic stem cell lines via nuclear transfer, Hwang's group produced the stem cells from days-old embryos, a technique that had already been established by James Thomson at University of Wisconsin in 1998.
To do that, Capellas says Compaq will slap its well-known brand name on a wide range of products: from portable organizers to the Himalaya servers that power AOL's e-mail system to products still in development that will blur the lines between computers and electronic appliances like cell phones and stereos.
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