He will replace regular driver Karun Chandhok in Friday's first practice session at the Circuit de Catalunya.
The 25-year-old recently signed a new contract with Barca which will keep him in Catalunya until June 2018.
But Frenchman Bourdais, in his debut F1 season, crashed into a barrier at the Circuit de Catalunya on Wednesday.
Catalunya is the home race for the Blusens Aprilia team so Laverty will be looking to achieve another solid result.
Button completed a race simulation at the Circuit de Catalunya on Saturday at the same time as Ferrari driver Felipe Massa.
Thursday's rain-hit session at the Catalunya circuit saw Australia's Mark Webber record the fastest time after conditions dried out in the afternoon.
What seems certain is that the McLaren and Ferrari drivers will stage another tight battle at the Circuit de Catalunya on Sunday.
The Japanese racer bettered Buemi and Bourdais to set the fastest times of the three during November's test at Spain's Circuit de Catalunya.
The Briton, who has been testing at the Circuit de Catalunya this week, says he is feeling much more at home back in Europe.
Rossi was lucky to avoid the horror crash which marred the start of last Sunday's Catalunya Grand Prix, in which Gibernau broke his collarbone.
BBC: SPORT | Motorsport | Motorbikes | Rossi aims to race despite crash
Button's team boss, Ross Brawn, said the team were planning updates to their car for the Spanish Grand Prix at Barcelona's Circuit de Catalunya.
Japan's Sato, who has raced for Jordan, Honda and Super Aguri in F1, set the fastest times of the three at Spain's Circuit de Catalunya.
Last year, after gobbling up billions of euros in soured loans, Caixa Catalunya and three other Spanish lenders were bailed out by the Spanish state.
Of that money, 18bn euros will go to Bankia, 9bn euros to Catalunya Banc, 5.5bn euros to NCG and 4.5bn euros to Banco de Valencia.
The test at the Circuit de Catalunya continues over the weekend.
Bankia, NCG and Catalunya Banc must cut their loans and investments by over 60% in the next five years, shut half their branches and shed thousands of staff.
Hoey produced the round of his life to fire a closing 67 in Catalunya while Caldwell held his nerve to qualify right on the top-30 mark of six under.
The Turkish Grand Prix in Istanbul reverts to August after being held in May this year, with Barcelona's Circuit de Catalunya hosting the opening European race, the Spanish Grand Prix.
In a move it's calling a world's first, Sky Sports has announced that parts of Formula 1's final preseason tests from Circuit de Catalunya will be broadcast on its 3D network.
His best of one minute 22.716 seconds was half a second quicker than McLaren driver Jenson Button, who had set the best time in the morning at the Catalunya circuit in wet conditions.
It completes a miserable 2012 for Schleck, who has been forced to abandon preparatory stage races such as Paris-Nice, the Tour of Catalunya and the Dauphine through a mixture of injury and illness.
CNN: 2010 champion Andy Schleck out of this year's Tour de France
Barcelona's Circuit de Catalunya is always tough on tires, but even Pirelli's motorsport director Paul Hembery felt that the level of pit stops -- with Alonso changing tires four times -- was too much.
"We've had an extra week of holiday which has been really important because now we have three races coming up in four weekends, at Mugello, Catalunya and Assen, and they will all be very hard, " said Rossi.
Alonso, a two-time drivers' champions, made first appearance of preseason in Catalunya on Tuesday, but Vettel remains focus on ensuring Red Bull arrive at the season-opening Australian Grand Prix on March 17 in the best possible shape.
CNN: Triple F1 champion Vettel: Red Bull better than last year
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