Perhaps the most surprising statistic to turn up in this study is the meager 1.4% real growth in earnings per share, a number Arnott and Bernstein calculated from data going back to 1871.
More than 50, 000 individual prices are collected in each survey round, and a cost-of-living index is calculated from the price data to express the difference in the cost of living between any two cities.
Earnings were calculated from seven months of data covering June to December, 2012.
Earnings were calculated from eight months of data covering May to December, 2012.
For those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
Dr Haydon and his colleagues have calculated, using data from a rabies outbreak in 2003, that vaccinating between 10% and 25% would suffice, provided veterinarians gave jabs to those wolves living in the narrow valleys that connect the subpopulations.
It's a huge number, on the order of 5% a year, as calculated from the past 75 years of data by Ibbotson Associates, a research company.
The standard deviation is calculated from all of the individual deviations of the data points.
First, using data from Team Marketing Report, we calculated which fans have willingly shelled out the most in terms of price increases for tickets since the last lockout.
With data stretching from 1980 to 1998, he calculated that a 10% increase in an average state's rate of gun ownership, proxied by magazine sales, was associated with a 2% rise in its homicide rate.
The many adjustments to income permitted by the tax code, plus alternative tax rates on the largest sources of income of the wealthy, explain why the average federal income tax rate on the 400 richest people in America was 18.11 percent in 2008, according to the Internal Revenue Service , down from 26.38 percent when these data were first calculated in 1992.
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Using Australian government data on endangered species, the researchers calculated that 16 threatened mammals would benefit from the presence of dingoes, while the wild dogs would only be detrimental to three species.
For those countries the salaries were calculated using the data for average monthly sallaries in USD PPP provided by the ILO in a report from 2012.
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The hazard of unemployment is not an official statistic but it is calculated using the Labour Force Survey, which is where much of our official data on unemployment comes from.
Scientists calculated the figure by estimating the amount of data held on 60 analogue and digital technologies during the period from 1986 to 2007.
Using Bureau of Economic Analysis data, my associate Jonathan Robe calculated real growth rates in per capita income in the 50 states from 1980 through 2009.
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