But by some measures, Fama says, the market starts too look smooth at larger timescales.
By some measures, that is dozens of times as safe as the world-wide rate.
But ConocoPhillips ( COP), which lags behind its bigger rivals, is by some measures even cheaper.
By some measures Kikkoman is the Japanese firm most dependent on the American market.
By some measures, voters are less liberal today than they were four years ago.
America's long-term fiscal challenge is huge, by some measures bigger than that of the euro zone.
On a per-head basis, it is the seventh-richest country in Africa by some measures.
Indeed, by some measures the problem is worse than it was three decades ago.
Consumer prices are rising uncomfortably fast, and people's expectations of future inflation, by some measures, have inched upwards.
In fact, by some measures this has been the worst four-year period for the economy since at least the 1920s.
Camp noted that despite sales growth and improved margins, private retail companies continue to underperform other major sectors by some measures.
But, by some measures, covering sick days is cheap, and pretty popular.
P2P systems, downloading 2.6 billion songs a month and 400, 000 films a day, accounting for over half of all internet traffic by some measures.
The shipping port has, by some measures, become the nation's busiest.
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But a fall from power can be especially painful for underdogs that fall from a height that, by some measures, it never should have reached.
Some sceptics say that this is too much to pay for a troubled company, even if it is, by some measures, the world's biggest internet firm.
By some measures China will still have a worldwide edge in wages, but labor accounts for a relatively small portion of the costs of building a car.
But it has recently fielded a big, visible rush from eastern Europe, which by some measures is its biggest influx since the Huguenots in the 17th century.
Although, by some measures of income and education, the Hispanic average is not improving much, that average is dragged down by a steady influx of poor Mexicans.
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By some measures, a defeat for Obama in November would leave Hillary the undisputed leader of her party and propel her toward the Oval Office that much faster.
The Anglosphere is not the only great European cultural block: Mr Ghemawat calculates that by some measures Spain's ties with its old colonies are even closer than Britain's.
United is already by some measures the world's biggest airline, and a takeover of domestic-focused US Airways could have given it unhealthy dominance in certain regional markets, regulators feared.
In fact we are facing today in the United States the widest disparities in income and wealth we have seen since the 1920s and by some measures since the 1890s.
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American Express ( AXP), issuer of the green charge cards that are synonymous with the expense account life, has long competed against banks and, by some measures, out-earned the deposit-and-loan crowd.
By some measures, indeed, Germany is in good shape.
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"We certainly have expressed our regret for the additional grief caused to families whose remains were handled in a less than ideal or by some measures inappropriate standard, prior to 2008, " he said.
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By some measures the music industry is doing even worse: 95% of all music downloads are illegal and the industry that brought the world Elvis and the Beatles is reviled by the young.
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