The coupling of the Higgs boson to both W and Z bosons were observed.
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Under supersymmetry, dark matter could be made up of fermions, which are superpartners of bosons.
They are traces, rather than actual bosons, because no Higgs will ever be seen directly.
One form of supersymmetry predicts that there should be five Higgs bosons, which are each slightly different.
The real parallel was the discovery of the W and Z vector bosons, which was in 1983 at CERN.
Heavy objects like Higgs bosons can break down in several different ways, but each of these ways is predictable.
Most bosons are messenger particles that cement the others, known as fermions, together.
The remaining five particles in the model are called bosons (after Satyendranath Bose, an Indian physicist who collaborated with Einstein).
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As particles zoom around in this field, they interact with and attract Higgs bosons, which cluster around the particles in varying numbers.
Certain particles will attract larger clusters of Higgs bosons -- and the more Higgs bosons a particle attracts, the greater its mass will be.
Without it, or something like it, some of the Standard Model's particles that actually do have mass (particularly the W and Z bosons) would be predicted to be massless.
Nonetheless, it remains to be seen whether the new particle is the Higgs boson of the standard model, or one of several other bosons predicted by other theories of physics.
The Standard Model (see table) includes familiar particles such as electrons and photons, and esoteric ones like the W and Z bosons, which carry something called the weak nuclear force.
If all this talk of carbon fullerenes, RNA precursors and mass-giving bosons is hurting your head, take a break, run to the bathroom and find out just how much you pee.
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Just as all the known particles of matter have antimatter versions in the Standard Model, in the world of susy every known boson, including the Higgs, has one or more fermion partners, and every known fermion has one or more associated bosons.
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Before July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson mass could only be in the 122 GeV to 130 GeV mass range (units where the proton mass is about 1 GeV, and the W and Z vector bosons are 80 GeV and 90 GeV, respectively).
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