Today Greek and Turkish Cypriots live in peace but are divided by bitter memories.
The one notable exception to this is Kuwait, where most people hold bitter memories of Iraq's seven-month occupation.
Some participants retain bitter memories of an effort in the early 1980s, by Hewlett-Packard, to rewrite the standard in committee.
In all the Celtic fringes of the British Isles there are bitter memories of children being punished for speaking the wrong language.
And if there were any bitter memories of Mr Huhne's alleged (broken) pledge not to stand against the former Lib Dem leader in 2006, he was now anxious to stress their mutual closeness.
Responding to the president's verbal attacks during a presidential debate last week, Rafsanjani said Ahmadinejad's "baseless and irresponsible" statements brought back "bitter memories" of anti-revolutionary groups in the aftermath of Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution.
And, while Capello and his players will take some time to banish the bitter memories of the World Cup fiasco in South Africa, they have made the best possible start to their period of recovery.
But bitter memories of repeated cycles of bust and boom, of hope and gloom, make it likely that politicians will choose mature compromise rather than risk plunging their country yet again into troubles like that.
It has a bright red stalk, a scrawny yellow leaf and is sweeter than the greener outdoor variety of which many Britons have bitter school-dinner memories.
Its bitter colonial past is still fresh in memories on both sides of the Mediterranean, and France was stung by a series of bomb attacks two years ago.
The bitter feelings that divided the nation during the Vietnam buildup and the Iraq invasion have become fading memories.
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