That back-and-forth produced a compromise: bilateral loans from EU countries, IMF assistance and a strict austerity program.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Eurogroup Chief Jean-Claude Juncker confirmed on Monday night that the support would involve bilateral loans from all euro zone members, rather than debt guarantees.

FORBES: Europe Markets Brief

The EFSF will also be used to finance a second bail-out of Greece (the European contribution to the first is through bilateral loans from other euro-area states).

ECONOMIST: Why the debt crisis is so hard to resolve

One prong involves a series of bilateral loans offered by national governments, central banks or by national treasuries, which would in turn be offered with preferred creditor status to recipient nation-states in the euro zone.

FORBES: Geithner To EU: IMF Will Play A Role, But Without Fed Money

He wants rich countries to forgive all bilateral concessional loans and 90% of all non-concessional loans.

ECONOMIST: Largesse from Uncle Sam

Regional sanctions are unlikely, but the United States may cut its bilateral aid, and block new loans from the World Bank and others.

ECONOMIST: Peru

Similarly, it envisions granting Moscow access to billions of dollars in non-transparent interbank deposits and credit lines, overt government-guaranteed loans, "property settlements, " and other bilateral arrangements.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Center for Security Policy | The Washington Summit: The Worst Strategic Miscalculation Since Yalta