Bettelheim, who received international notoriety for his work with children, was interested in emotional well-being.

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This makes some of the notes in her edition bewilderingly latitudinarian she nods to Zipes, to Bettelheim, to Gilbert and Gubar.

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To Bettelheim, a Freudian, the most important conflict was the Oedipus complex.

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Bettelheim argued that fairy tales, by allowing children to attach their unsavory repressed desires to villains (dragons, witches) who were then conquered, helped the children to integrate and control such desires.

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In 1999, the political scientist Alan Wolfe pointed out that much of the scholarship Friedan relied on in her diagnosis of the feminine mystique work by Margaret Mead, Alfred Kinsey, and Bruno Bettelheim has since turned out to be suspect.

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While Bettelheim tells us that fairy tales help us adjust, Jack Zipes has said the opposite: that the value of fairy tales is that they teach us not to adjust, because the oppressive society in which we live is something we should refuse to adjust to.

NEWYORKER: Once Upon a Time