In 2006, the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit goes into effect, and that could mean the government, eventually, will be the main buyer for many prescription drugs.
Despite their name, therefore, they do not benefit from the network effect.
The Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit that went into effect this year pays industry health plans to cover the drug expenses of senior citizens.
For example, securities exchanges benefit from the network effect because as they attract more traders they become better able to handle additional trading volume.
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Changes to child benefit payments for the better-off - introducing means-testing for the previously universal benefit - come into effect at midnight on 7 January.
He said Berwick would be one of the largest towns in the Scottish Borders and would have significant focus on it and the spend per head is greater in Scotland than England and that would have a knock-on effect to benefit Berwick.
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Buyers delay closing while they fiddle around with the deal structure to optimize tax effect for their benefit, etc.
The multiplier effect is designed to benefit thousands of teachers and up to 10 million children.
Tax and benefit changes have also had an effect, but a subtle one.
And as we look for our adjustments to the budget and our cuts, could you please speak to some of those very programs that are not necessarily sacred but must stay in place to even have a ripple effect for those who benefit from them?
This effect will ultimately produce greater benefit than, for example, other more immediately profitable but limited enterprises.
Because of their small size the mipomersen trials were not powered to assess cardiovascular outcomes, though cardiovascular benefit is of course the ultimate intended effect of the drug.
The drug benefit, for example, does not take effect until 2006.
But he said the welfare-to-work programme and a plan for a Universal Benefit payments, due to start coming into effect in 2013, would succeed in getting more people into employment.
He will be tested when a raft of spending cuts take effect - such as withdrawing child benefit from high earners and capping the total amount people can claim in benefits.
First, tax-related sales, as investors who have been on the long side of the market for the last three years rush to cash in their chips to benefit for the low tax rates still in effect.
By introducing the television-like device with expanded computer capabilities and with the same user interface as iPods, iPhones, iPads, and Macs, Apple would benefit, yet again, from the Halo Effect and expand its media influence to the living room.
Likewise, in the conventional thinking about markets, economic progress depends not on the labors of infinite economic actors but on the select few, the brainiacs, who rise to the top and generate innovations from which ordinary mortals benefit through a kind of trickle-down effect.
The prescription drug benefit portion of the law does not go into effect until 2006.
Those who advocate letting them lapse are in effect operating on our economic body without benefit of anesthesia.
But arts bodies could benefit from a funding windfall as a knock on effect of the battle between Camelot and Richard Branson's The People's Lottery to win the franchise.
Those who work unsociable hours or who live in high-cost areas will benefit from several different types of bonuses - the effect of which will be different for almost every employee.
This part is where the GOP controlled state houses legislate using the funds of the middle-class and the poor to give effect to the policy changes that will benefit business and the wealthy.
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While too much sodium is associated with cardiovascular problems, too little potassium can have the same effect, so potassium chloride has a double benefit.
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Many more of these substances are not providing much more of a benefit other than acting as placebos, although the placebo effect in athletes is very strong.
Property prices have rocketed higher, and government measures designed to rein in speculation and price increases haven't had a big enough effect for people like Ms. Niu to benefit.
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Another beneficial effect is that American employers with defined-benefit pension plans for employees have been able to reduce their contributions into pension funds as the rise in share prices has swollen the value of funds' assets.
The measure would not reach balance, but it would undo automatic budget cuts that started taking effect this month and largely leaves alone rapidly growing benefit programs like Medicare.
They argue that since EU countries have been evading their own arms embargo with increasing effect, U.S. interests will actually benefit if the embargo is replaced by an improved European code of conduct for arms sales.
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