External beam radiation involves zapping a patient with high-dose X rays generated by a machine called a linear accelerator.
Or you can pick your poison, choosing between surgery to remove the prostate and one of two forms of radiation, external beam radiation and radioactive "seeds" implanted in the gland itself.
It involves timing the radiation beam to the diastole, when the heart is resting between beats.
When the disease has spread such that one radiation beam cannot safely encompass all of it, the disease is treated with chemotherapy.
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It improved upon older radiation technology with a combination of new software and hardware that could mold a radiation beam to match the shape of a tumor.
Now new computer-guided systems cut down on collateral damage by molding the radiation beam to the precise contours of the prostate, reducing side effects and boosting cure rates.
Given the risks of aiming such a powerful beam of high-intensity radiation at an Earth ground station, as well as the cost of building billions of dollars in infrastructure to collect the energy in space, the efficiencies you can get from terrestrial solar power seem a safer bet--at least for now.
Astronauts will test the ability of the bladder, known as the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, or BEAM, to withstand heat, radiation, debris and other assaults.
We recently saw research that suggested negative radiation pressure in light could lead to a practical tractor beam.
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But others are using fancy new techniques like cone-beam computerised tomography which actually expose people to much higher levels of radiation.
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