Checklists established a higher standard of baseline performance.

NEWYORKER: The Checklist

Data from these initial tests will be used as a baseline to evaluate the performance of emerging CO2 capture technologies.

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In other words, a country would decide how its land-use carbon emission or absorption would be likely to change in future, and then to measure actual performance against that baseline.

BBC: Rich countries accused of carbon 'cheating'

While I would recommend revisions to No Child Left Behind legislation that would encourage the benefits of performance pay, increase support for struggling schools and motivate high performance in addition to ensuring baseline requirements, I am convinced that the firm accountability measures that No Child Left Behind introduced must be preserved.

FORBES: Magazine Article

In one National Cancer Institute-sponsored study, weight loss of greater than 5 percent from baseline was a predictor of poor outcome, independent of cancer stage, type of cancer, and patient performance status.

CNN: Is the inability of cancer patients to eat a concern?