Three wickets - including two run-outs - in the space of 12 balls left India 63-4 in the 20th over, but Raj and Roy saw them post what proved to be a winning total.
Paceman Mason then removed Matthew Spriegel, Gareth Batty and Stewart Walters in the space of seven balls.
Spinner Gayle bowled Jones and Steve Harmison in the space of three balls to finish the job.
I'm used to taking high balls and then trying to get in more space and making the most of that.
Spinner Loudon brought the game to an end by dismissing Martyn Ball and Jon Lewis in the space of four balls.
BBC: SPORT | Cricket | Counties | Loudon seals win for Warwickshire
James Hildreth was dropped twice at third slip in the space of three balls and later survived a missed stumping opportunity.
Kent's attempts at a recovery were undermined by the departure of Smith and Andrew Symonds in the space of seven balls.
But a promising stand of 48 was ended by Weeraratne, who dismissed both Misbah and Younus Khan in the space of three balls.
The other two wickets went in the space of three balls to Nantie Hayward and they were the important ones of Sachin Tendulkar and Sourav Ganguly.
In the space of four balls, Shah and Graeme Swann were both run out, again at the striker's end, and again following hideous breakdowns in communication.
The hosts had to recover after a morning session when Ntini struck twice with the new ball before returning ahead of lunch for two more wickets in the space of three balls.
After 10 overs the score had edged up from an overnight 4-0 to 13 when Sami struck, taking out Lou Vincent (four) and Stephen Fleming (nought) in the space of five balls.
Needham dismissal of Joshua Cobb before the interval ended a stand of 49 with Paul Nixon after Boeta Dippenaar and HD Ackerman had been dismissed in the space of three balls by Graham Wagg.
Notts then lost their last three wickets in the space of 12 balls as Steven Mullaney was bowled by Patterson with one that kept low and Read was castled by a Shahzad off-cutter, before the England paceman bowled Luke Fletcher with a slower ball.
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Martin Guptill edged to the keeper two balls later and departed for 30 and Daryl Tuffey, Brent Arnel and Tim Southee were swept away in the space of four deliveries.
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