Girls may be different than boys with ASD in their lived experience of the disability as well.
Vanderbilt University's director of the Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (TRIAD), believes the new data adds to what's already been known about ASD in other parts of the world -- that autism is not rare.
Whatever the reason, the sex ratio in ASD is perhaps the most consistent finding in the field but perhaps the least understood.
The sex ratio in ASD approaches 1-to-1 as the degree of cognitive impairment increases.
Sex differences in ASD is an important topic, but one that has only recently become the focus of attention.
School-aged children diagnosed in or after 2008 were more likely to have milder ASD and less likely to have severe ASD than those diagnosed in or before 2007.
Per the Boston study the higher percentile ASD traits associated in males with female siblings on the spectrum, were more likely associated with language development delays, that at least the two studies linked above suggest females may be protected from to some degree potentially because of biological determinants.
These social cultural adaptations for females and differences in presentation of ASD are being researched and studied almost entirely in countries outside of the US, per the identified research in your analysis, in the link for for the research by Gould from the Lorna Wing Research organization in the UK, Simon Baron Cohen in the UK, and clinical observation by Tony Atwood in Australia.
In this scenario the result to date could be increased diagnoses of ASD for males over females in puberty.
Parents report more GI symptoms in children with ASD than children with either SEN or TD children but the frequency of reported symptoms is greater in the past than currently in all groups.
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There's increasing concern about peers bullying children with ASD at school and in the community.
Often, the symptoms of ASD appear as extreme shyness or anxiety in girls, masking that they may not be responsive to the social cues of others.
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An intriguing finding is that perhaps higher-functioning girls with ASD are missed by clinicians who are not experts in diagnosis.
In 2007, this older group, born in the 1990s, was less likely to have ASD than younger children.
Girls on the autism spectrum also engage in fewer repetitive behaviors such as rocking and spinning and less sensory irritability than boys with ASD.
For example, a recent (2007) study by Sebat et al. found a clear link between ASD and de novo copy number variation (de novo mutations are those that arise for the first time in the children).
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That "something" could be hormone levels in utero, epigenetic factors that turn autism susceptibility genes "on" and "off" during development, or the fact that young girls have in general better social skills than boys and so need a bigger "dose" of what causes ASD to cross that threshold to being impaired.
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