On a finer scale, self-organising maps can show how particular individuals use a given file of data, such as an engineering drawing, during the course of a project.

ECONOMIST: Network collaborations

Data science is shaping up to be a redux of its grandfather BPR, with the same structural features (BPR was never really engineering, nor as we shall see is data science really science), and its propensity for sin and indulgence.

FORBES: Data Science: Buyer Beware

These hashes are bits of text that uniquely identify a piece of data (such as an email address) but are designed to protect against reverse engineering which would reveal that data.

FORBES: Move up http://i.forbesimg.com t Move down

That 3-D data then got plugged into a solid-modeling program where engineering parameters such as material, thickness and structure were assigned to the shape.

FORBES: Easy Designer

Our technology industry component covers 11 six-digit NAICS sectors covering information industries such as software publishing, Internet publishing, data processing, and tech-related business services such as computer systems design, custom programming, engineering services, and research and development.

FORBES: Methodology For Forbes' Best Cities For Tech Jobs List