Donald Boyd of the Rockefeller Institute of Government, the public-policy research arm of the State University of New York, found that in the recessions of the early 1980s and 1990s state tax revenues declined at about the same rate as the national economy.
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He noted that Penn State has an independent board of trustees and is not an arm of the state the way other schools are.
Asked what the German, or even Berlin, government has done, most struggled to think of anything outside of money from the IBB Beteiligungsgesellschaft, the VC arm of the state bank.
In Seidemann's case, the court treats the union as an arm of the state and thus sets a high bar for speech it is seen as compelling the employee to make.
Among the MFIs' biggest critics is Budithi Rajsekhar, boss of the Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty, an arm of the state government formed in 2000 to run its own microcredit programme.
Sixteen of the 41 Chinese companies on the list are owned by an arm of the government dedicated to managing state assets.
Members of the Tea Party Express, a leading arm of the grass-roots movement, have traversed the state by bus in support of Cruz.
Even more riling for Thailand's more nationalistic citizens is that the telecommunications giant was sold to Temasek Holdings , the state-owned investment arm of Singapore.
However, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, an arm of the Justice Department, cautioned that the previous study was based on a survey of current inmates in both state and federal institutions.
Its programs opened up American politics at the state and local level to the long arm of Washington as never before, involving the federal government in everything from the construction of city parks to the curriculum and funding of local schools.
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The US state of South Dakota has enacted a law allowing school districts to arm teachers and other school staff.
President Bush used his final State of the Union speech Monday to call for a quick shot in the arm for the economy in "a period of uncertainty" and touted last year's progress in the ongoing war in Iraq.
Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and former Secretary of State George Shultz had long advocated that the U.S. and the West arm the victims of Serbian aggression and employ our air power, if necessary, to stop Belgrade's marauders.
Shortly after the 2010 listing of OSX, EBX's shipbuilding arm, Brazil's environment ministry refused him permission to build a shipyard in the southern state of Santa Catarina, which had been described in the prospectus as central to the company's plans.
Some are formerly state-owned companies that are flourishing as a result of being allowed to operate at arm's length from the government.
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An under-performing state school in Guildford in southern England has already been taken over by the private-sector arm of a successful west Midlands school.
This does not always work: the sale of Aventura, the state holiday-resorts company, was cancelled this year because the union investment arm that was supposed to buy it failed to come up with the cash.
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