And this is why this association argument is so weak and impotent.

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This is another way of analyzing the argument often made against any association between Shariah or Islam and violence.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Shariah��s Black Box

The First Amendment claim was similarly an argument that his right to freedom of association was unconstitutionally infringed by virtue of the threat of criminal prosecution for mere non-criminal membership.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Shariah��s Black Box

The groups on the other side of the argument include law enforcement agencies, the American Bar Association, and coalitions against domestic violence.

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But he leaves unaddressed the most likely counter-argument: that a democratic state is a free association and freedom of association involves a right of exclusion.

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