Seniors can live longer in their homes independently because they can avail themselves of services offered by people within their time bank community, such as rides to a doctors appointment or help with writing letters to their insurance company.

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Meg McCabe of Aetna hopes that consumers will soon be able to use their smartphones to enter symptoms, find doctors, compare prices and schedule an appointment.

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Fast-growing appointment booking site ZocDoc does not disclose the number of doctors who use its service, but it is believed to be less than 30, 000.

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Dr Rafael Matesanz has no doubt that it is the appointment of dedicated transplant co-ordinators already working as doctors in hospitals which has made the difference.

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Doctors must make judgments during a 15-minute appointment about a patient's ability to speak, move and walk.

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Once on an EHR, doctors confront a fairly rigid system, which requires them, for example to enter an appointment before creating a note.

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In theory, telehealth can cut the cost of care while at the same time improving its quality (for example, by letting doctors know about crucial changes when they happen, not at the patient's next appointment).

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