The federal court appellate system will decide both cases.

FORBES: Heirs of Superman Creators Wage Epic Battle With Warner Bros.

Testimony from such witnesses has long been viewed with skepticism by those experienced in the criminal justice system, but the federal appellate courts, including the U. S. Supreme Court, have never declared such sweetheart deals to be what they logically appear to be: a species of witness bribery or threats.

FORBES: Of Pirates and Prosecutors

It is natural for those familiar with the common-law system to object to a non-judicial body overturning an interpretation given by a final appellate court.

CNN: A NEW CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER