Many academic institutions and drug companies, including Merck, are working on AIDS vaccines.
Scientists aiming to produce Aids vaccines face a variety of problems, not least the mutating nature of the virus.
Here you'll find comprehensive Forbes coverage of AIDS and AIDS vaccines.
Caltech's grant was for finding a way to equip the body to fight a disease that it may not be prepared to tackle, such as AIDS. Most vaccines and therapies try to bulk up the body's existing defenses, say, by boosting the immune system.
Therapeutic vaccines are also being investigated, as well as those which could be given to prevent AIDS. Until such vaccines are widely available, prevention remains the only sure way to try to contain the spread of a disease of frightening proportions which is on course to claim millions of lives.
"You make vaccines for AIDS, malaria and TB, and we will pay for them, " Clinton said.
Researchers there are implanting human cells in mice to look for better ways of making vaccines against aids and hepatitis C.
He also called for a deeper commitment to basic education across the continent, where school enrollment levels are dangerously low in some regions, and called on western pharmaceutical manufacturers to work to find cost-effective ways to provide preventative medicines and vaccines to curb the high rates of AIDS and tuberculosis through much of the continent.
Vaccines are developed for polio, TB, AIDS, bird-flu and mad-cow type epidemics and pandemics that periodically threaten to envelop the world, with the feared trends actually resulting not in annihilation of the human species, but in an improvement in life expectancies.
Coulston, who died in 2003 at age 89, helped develop hepatitis vaccines and spent years working on a vaccine for AIDS, according to his obituary in the Los Angeles Times.
AIDS. That, if it ever happens, will require effective vaccines, and those are years away.
Berkley says 25 vaccines have entered clinical trials since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, but none have finished them.
Indeed, amid the gloom about microbicides and vaccines, circumcision is the one bright spot in the field of AIDS prevention.
More distantly, about 20 HIV vaccines are currently in clinical trials, according to the New York-based AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI).
Shiver and a colleague, Merck Senior Vice President of vaccine research Emilio Emini , approached Aventis several years ago about testing Aventis' vaccines in Merck's monkeys, hoping to get some perspective on the differences between different types of AIDS inoculations.
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