One of the first solid clues that humans may possess genes that protect against aging came in the 1930s, when researchers at Cornell University showed that rats fed an ultralow-calorie diet lived much longer than normal.
For the specific models that it has won the patent battle against are aging.
Since experimental evidence has suggested that antioxidants consumed orally, such as beta carotene, can reduce signs of sun-related skin damage, the study also looked at whether a daily 30-milligram beta carotene supplement could protect against skin aging.
He figured drugs stimulating the human version of sir2 (called sirt1) might harness natural defenses against diseases of aging.
"They're anti-aging against crows feet, " Ms. Nichols explained.
Against the stereotype of the aging musician, Smith has, over the years, steered his band toward a heavier and more truculent sound.
The Money Train is what the San Antonio Spurs ran up against when they decided to rest the aging Tim Duncan, Tony Parker and Manu Ginobili versus Miami.
Given the aging populations in Europe, demographics are working against a quick fix.
Blackburn, Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak are credited with discovering how chromosomes are protected against degradation -- a field that could shed light on human aging and diseases, including cancer.
But a product's SPF indicates only its ability to defend against sunburn-causing ultraviolet-B rays and not against ultraviolet-A, which penetrate deeper into the skin and cause premature aging. (Both types contribute to skin cancer.) For example, a person wearing SPF 50 could spend considerable time in the sun without getting burned.
On top of that, sunscreens can be labeled "broad spectrum" only if they protect equally against UVB (the main culprit of skin cancer) and UVA rays, which cause aging.
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Grapeseed's CEO Kristin Fraser Cotte says the company's claim of anti-aging is based on the fact that its products contain antioxidants, or substances that protect cells against unstable molecules called free radicals, which can damage cells.
Demography has now even started to work against the modern welfare state, which has become harder to sustain as fewer children have been produced to replace aging parents.
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