Such taxpayers are generally exempted from the 3.8% Medicare Surtax unless their business either (a) is a passive activity with respect to such taxpayer or (b) is a trade or business involved in trading in financial instruments or commodities.
Taxpayers are also subject to the 3.8% Medicare Surtax on gross income derived during the ordinary course of a trade or business (a) of trading in financial instruments or commodities, or (b) is considered a passive activity with respect to the taxpayer.
"Over the whole period of the scope of the review, the Probation Service had considerable involvement with Child B's mother and sister, who both had chronic involvement in criminal activity and drug dependence, " it said.