That alone is bad news for Barack Obama, at a time when blue collar and union support has fallen significantly enough from 2008 levels to cause a wave of worry.
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Youth unemployment continues to be a cause for concern across the European Union, not just Spain.
Whatever the cause, a flood swept the city and Smart Union was badly hit.
In the euro zone, policy makers have improvised patchwork solutions that have held the currency union together, but the risk is real that a misstep could cause the fragile stability to unravel, with potentially catastrophic consequences.
It is also possible that being outside an increasingly integrated European Union would fundamentally undermine the City as a global financial centre and cause many global businesses to quit the UK. All of this is worth debating, and no doubt will be, here and elsewhere, in the years to come.
Therefore, the ability to cause disruption through collective - usually union - action is a crucial factor.
Recently, the cause of reform has gained a surprising recruit: the very trade union that Lula himself once led.
It may reduce turnover, absenteeism, and union elections and as a result lower some costs, but it will not cause employees to be more productive.
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As a cause, killing the bill unites the Christian Coalition with the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Right to Life Committee with the National Education Association.
Rating agencies stated this week that a default in Greece or any other weak European Union country like Portugal, Ireland or Italy would cause them to no longer permit that debt to create other loans.
But as David Autor, an economist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, points out in a new paper on labour market polarisation, fading union power has been more the effect than the cause of occupational shifts.
Certainly the new draft European Union constitution, voted down twice in three days in France and the Netherlands, is a lost cause.
C. it was a Democratic mayor and his Democratic school chancellor, Michelle Rhee, who championed the anti-union, anti-teacher cause.
But given the backlash that closures cause there, their first factory-sharing may come elsewhere: just before the Paris show a French union official let slip that the two firms were looking at building cars together in Brazil.
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