Marianne LaFrance, a psychology professor at Yale University, believes it is a bit of both.
The others were asked to read about buildings and architecture, says Carrie Keating, a psychology professor at Colgate University in Hamilton, N.
"The migrant workers of this generation are so different from earlier generations, " says Li Guorui, a psychology professor at East China Normal University in Shanghai.
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Companies shouldn't cater to the whims of wealthier employees just to keep them on board, says Ruth Kanfer, a psychology professor at Georgia Institute of Technology.
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Mr. Braver, a psychology professor at Washington University in St.
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To eliminate admissions bias the fact that venture firms funded mostly 20-something white male Ivy League grads annoyed Ressi the Institute developed an entrance exam in partnership with a psychology professor.
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"Up to fairly recently, these kids have been considered delinquents because they're committing crimes, " said Kimberly Mitchell, a psychology professor at the University of New Hampshire's Crimes against Children Research Center.
"Neurotics tend to be unstable, they're insecure, they worry a lot, they're moody -- all these are difficult to deal with, " said Adrian Furnham, a psychology professor at the University College London.
Many people succeed at producing innovations because they churn out a very large number of ideas, both good and bad, says Dean Keith Simonton, a psychology professor at the University of California, Davis.
Dr. P's Dog Training site, a jewel of canine information, is provided by a psychology professor who specializes in animal learning and behavior and who describes himself as passionately interested in dog training.
Keeping kids on cellphone or entertainment plans "is really a symbolic bond, the last vestige of parents' financial support of their kids, " says Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, a psychology professor at Clark University in Worcester, Mass.
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"The tradition had been declining until recently because the pastors were aged and not attracting new believers, " said Ralph Hood, a psychology professor at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga who has written about the practice.
Stephanie Denison, a psychology professor at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, and Fei Xu, a psychology professor at University of California, Berkeley, recently completed a study under review for publication which showed that infants have some knowledge of probabilities.
In a recent study, Paul Morris, a psychology professor at the University of Portsmouth in England, found that wearing high heels led to "higher attractiveness ratings" by both male and female observers, but the higher of those ratings were cast by women.
Dacher Keltner, a psychology professor at University of California, Berkeley, says studies have shown that people who use Botox to hide lines on their face feel less pleasure in response to subtle things around them and aren't able to read other people's emotions as well.
People who prepare plans on how to reach their goals, which psychologists call "implementation intentions, " are more effective at reaching goals, by spelling out in their minds what they will do if an obstacle arises, says Peter Gollwitzer, a psychology professor at New York University.
Allen McConnell, a psychology professor at Miami University in Ohio who studies pet owners' behavior, said those who opt for animal preservation can be motivated by grief, a need for belonging and anthropomorphism the act of ascribing human attributes to animals or even inanimate objects.
That helps explain why "a lot of great ideas occur at transition times, " when people are waking up or falling asleep, bathing, showering or jogging, says Jennifer Wiley, a psychology professor at University of Illinois at Chicago and lead author of a 2012 research summary in Current Directions in Psychological Science.
There still is a need for scientists and clinicians to speak a common language in order to carry out clinical research, and the role of the DSM in aiding this communication won't change in the near future, said Dianne Chambless, a psychology professor at the University of Pennsylvania who studies anxiety treatment.
When work teams get together, the ratio of positive interactions, such as support and encouragement, to negative interactions, such as disapproval and criticism, should be about 3-to-1 or higher in order to ensure top performance, based on research by Barbara Fredrickson, a psychology professor at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and others.
"What studies show is that even extremely young babies can already understand something about what's going on in the minds of other people and can even to some extent take the perspective of other people, " says Alison Gopnik, a psychology professor at the University of California, Berkeley, who has conducted other research on empathy.
Paul Rosin, a psychology professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who is one of the world's best-known authorities on the effects of capsaicin, has had no success in persuading rats to eat chilies, and very limited success with dogs and chimpanzees: the handful of cases where these animals did eat chilies seemed to be because of their strong relationships with human handlers.
When all the students tackled the same problems a second time, those who had done a simple, boring task during a break had more creative ideas than those who were assigned a tough cognitive puzzle, those who rested, or those who didn't take a break, says the study, co-authored by Jonathan Schooler, a psychology professor at the University of California at Santa Barbara.
Pinker, a Harvard psychology professor and best-selling science writer, wants to correct what he sees as a basic misperception.
But the reaction isn't entirely surprising to Sara Hodges, a social psychology professor at the University of Oregon.
On Thursday, Carnegie Mellon University invited Pitt to have his brain imaged and be examined by Marlene Behrmann, a neuroscientist, professor of psychology and a member of the Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition within the university's Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences.
"Voting is a realization of their social position of a citizen, as a person in a larger community, " said Shawn Rosenberg, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Irvine.
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Nancy Segal, a Cal State Fullerton psychology professor, theorized that because girls mature faster than boys, having a twin sister could provide a second mother and extra encouragement.
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Geraldine Dawson is a professor of psychology and director of the Autism Center at the University of Washington.
Geoffrey Cohen, a professor of psychology at Stanford, has shown how motivated reasoning can drive even the opinions of engaged partisans.
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