Those who took two or more aspirin daily also received a protective effect from Parkinson's.
At that moderate level, alcohol can have a protective effect on your heart.
It has been thought the pill could offer a protective effect because it contains hormones that are also raised in pregnancy.
There is little evidence to show that handguns have a protective effect.
Likewise, increased use of the osteoporosis drug raloxifene (Evista), which has also been shown to have a protective effect against breast cancer, could have played a role.
CNN: Falling breast cancer rates: What's behind the numbers?
Some, but not all, previous studies have shown a protective effect of pre-eclampsia on breast cancer, although such research has been carried out mainly in northern Europe and North American populations.
Researchers at Rush Medical University found that mentally challenging activities, such as reading and playing chess, may have a protective effect on the brain and help lower risk of dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers don't know why a plant-based diet seems to have a protective effect, but one likely reason is the nutrient profile of vegetarian diets, which tend to be higher in fiber and lower in saturated fat.
While a study is currently in progress at this point in time with the same research group linked below, specific to those with autism spectrum disorders, the linked research suggests that language development delays in the general population are associated with high levels of prenatal testosterone among males but high levels of prenatal testosterone among females provides a protective effect for language development.
There are several different types of lung cancer, and the protective fish effect appeared to be the strongest for a type called adenocarcinoma - about 5% of all cases.
That protective effect lasts for years -- up to 15 years after a woman stops taking the pill, according to Hatcher.
"Importantly, even partial adherence to statin therapy conveys a mortality benefit, suggesting that statins do not need to be taken daily to have some protective effect, " said Dr Francis.
The protective effect of an early pregnancy is thought to be due to the fact that a first, full-term pregnancy stimulates the full differentiation of the cells lining the milk ducts, where most breast cancers arise.
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