Another, which on its face is quite plausible, is that Romney stuffed far more into his retirement plans each year than the maximum allowed by law by claiming that the stock of the Bain company deals that the retirement plan acquired had only a nominal value.
They are not using it as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, or a safe store of nominal value.
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Lower inflation expectations raise the nominal value of a stock bonds.
In the absence of convertibility into specie, there must be a monetary rule to anchor the nominal value of paper currency.
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The eurozone finance ministers announced that it expected Greece's private sector creditors to accept a nominal 50% cut to the value of the loans they have made to Greece.
In fact, at a 4% withdrawal rate, at the end of 35 years the investor would have had almost seven times his initial portfolio value (in nominal terms), and at a 5% withdrawal rate he would have had more than three times his portfolio value.
If they thought the Bank of England could deliver a rise in what people earn relative to the nominal value of their respective debts, they would vote for that.
To start with probably the least important aspect of all this, I am surprised by how little emotion has been sparked by Mr Carney's remarks, that there might be a case for replacing narrow inflation as a target with nominal GDP target, or the cash value of annual economic output.
And we can place a price on it too: 15% of the nominal value of the bonds.
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In this respect, a trade agreement with the United States has multiplied benefits far in excess of its nominal value.
This is purely nominal rebalancing, but it cuts the real value of government debt by a third, slashes government spending in real terms and balances the budget by inflating income and deflating liabilities and overheads.
In the first three months of this year, Japan's real global exports were 10% lower than during the same period a year earlier, according to Richard Katz of the Oriental Economist Report. (A "real export" measures units shipped, not the yen value.) Nominal exports, measured in yen instead of number of widgets, have not taken such a severe beating.
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