Power lines are extremely hostile places for data signals, with high levels of electronic noise and an obstacle course of transformers, surge arrestors and splices that create a huge impedance to the free flow of high-frequency signals.

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To explore this, I switched to using Beyerdynamic DT 990 Pro over-ears with a high impedance of 250 ohms and found that the difference was obvious: the iPhone 4 and 4S were the only devices to provide sufficient volume in quiet recordings using these headphones.

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Innovamedica is also co-developing with Tyco Healthcare, a unit of conglomerate Tyco International, a device called a gastric mucosa impedance spectrometer, used to monitor patients in the intensive care unit for signs of organ failure after surgery.

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Innovamedica is also co-developing with Tyco Healthcare, a unit of conglomerate Tyco International (nyse: TYC - news - people ), a device called a gastric mucosa impedance spectrometer, used to monitor patients in the intensive care unit for signs of organ failure after surgery.

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His device will use Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), a medical imaging method in which images are produced quickly using electrodes placed around the body, to detect changes or abnormalities in the brain.

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To make sure that the headphones are ready for use at any time, they have been fitted with a 3.5mm stereo jack, and the nominal impedance has been reduced for optimum connection to mobile players.

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Even with distributed elements of what appears t be a miniature LOG PERIODIC antenna will have some difficulties with proper impedance matching, ohmic losses and inductance issues to say the least.

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