But the latest measure looks largely symbolic, says Richard Garside, a criminologist at King's College, London.
Poverty cannot be the primary reason, says Jack Levin, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston.
"They would iron their clothes and pack their knapsack, " says Richards, now a criminologist at University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh.
Stephen Farrall, a criminologist at Sheffield University, points out that hard times and crime are not true alternatives.
ECONOMIST: Fear of crime is falling just when crime itself is not
Women make up about 5% of the ranks of mass killers, said James Alan Fox, a criminologist at Northeastern University.
Among these there are currently some 1, 100 people behind bars in France for terrorist-related activities, according to Alain Bauer, a criminologist.
ECONOMIST: Fears that terrorism is breeding in French prisons
Declan Roche, a criminologist at the London School of Economics, points out that, with the exception of jury service, the judicial system is almost entirely undemocratic.
Zimring, a criminologist at Berkeley Law, has spent years crunching the numbers of what happened in New York in the context of what happened in the rest of America.
"The murder rate goes down, and shootings are stable, so there is also a question of whether medical care has improved, " said Jeffrey Fagan, a criminologist and law professor at Columbia University.
Jock Young, a criminologist at Middlesex University, says that like the invention of the telephone, the advent of mobiles has enabled people to report some crimes when previously they wouldn't have considered it worthwhile.
Because, says a survey by one criminologist, far fewer crimes are now reported.
Criminologist Gregg McCrary, a former behavioral scientist for the FBI, said the agency gets criticized both when it doesn't warn people and when it does warn of a potential threat, as Attorney General John Ashcroft did Monday.
The criminologist Colin Wilson, who has corresponded with Brady for almost a decade, says that the decision by the Home Office to put a stop to this work and to turn down Brady's offer to donate a kidney with no reason given, devastated him.
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