There are several sorts of fuel cell, but all consist of two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) separated by a material called an electrolyte.
But now the simple invention of a cathode ray tube, transforming light into electrons, registering their impact on the magnetic tape, had torn the curtain away.
Early research involved a colleague lying in a deckchair in the night-time open air with a piece of string to measure the meteors, while he observed electromagnetic signals on a cathode-ray tube in a nearby hut.
Once an isotope causes the crystal to flash, a photosensitive cathode releases electrons into a vacuum tube where a chain reaction produces a cascade, as in the Geiger counter.
It consists of a negative electrode (cathode) and a positive electrode (anode), with a vacuum between them.
The source itself works a little like the cathode-ray tube of a television.
The two electrodes, cathode and anode, are separated by a polymer electrolyte membrane which permits protons to cross to reach the cathode while the electrons are made to flow as part of a circuit to carry an electrical current.
Each pixel consists of an anode and cathode separated by a thin, organic membrane.
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With a big enough voltage between cathode and anode, they will leap at great speed from the one to the other.
The most common batteries are made up of negative and positive halves (the anode and the cathode), a material to separate them, and "current collector" layers at top and bottom to gather up the electric charges moving through.
Unaudited consolidated financial results for the fourth quarter ending Dec. 31, 2012 showed a net loss of KRW 468 billion (USD 428.96 million) which reflects a fine related to alleged cathode-ray tube pricing issues imposed by the European Commission in December.
A123 has developed a battery that uses a doped lithium nanophosphate electrode (cathode) that eliminates combustible oxygen from the system.
When you charge a battery, lithium ions travel from the cathode to the anode, where the anode holds onto the lithium ions to store the energy.
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The spheres are then dissolved to leave a 3D-metal scaffold onto which a nickel-tin alloy is added to form the anode, and a mineral called manganese oxyhydroxide to form the cathode.
The cathode, for instance, has to be made into a fine tip, or set of tips.
When you use a battery, the lithium ions then move from the anode to the cathode and let loose of electrons in the process.
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The South Korean firm is among a number of manufacturers that have been accused of fixing prices of TV and computer monitor cathode-ray tubes.
The proton makes its way to the cathode through the electrolyte, while the electron goes there the long way round via a wire that leads into whatever the fuel cell is powering, and back again.
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