As described above, it is important for security against repudiation to add both a nonce and the identity of the intended recipient to application data to be signed.
正如上面所描述的那样，对于针对抵赖的安全性来说，在待签名的应用数据中同时加入现时标志和目标接收方的身份是非常重要的。
As you can see from the titles, the overall process flow for phase and milestone reviews is very similar to that of the periodic review described above.
如您在题目中所见到的，阶段和里程碑评审的整个过程与上面描述的阶段评审类似。
As described above, this is a fight where there are serious raid hazards and strict time requirements.
如上面所描述的，这样的战斗有很多的危险和严格的时限。
The point to make here is that the invocation of your service as described above is an asynchronous call.
这里要强调的是上面描述的对您的Web服务的调用是一个异步调用。
The WSGW is instrumented for hosting by the addition of interceptors which function in the same fashion as the Axis handlers described above.
为了托管，通过添加拦截器来装备WSGW，拦截器的功能与上面描述的Axis处理程序的功能相同。
The methodology for timing described above is meant to reduce this overhead and allow it to be treated as a static cost that varies only slightly.
上面所描述的计时方法学，目的就是降低这个负荷，并允许将负荷当做只会轻微变化的静态成本处理。
From a practical standpoint, the subdocument is handled exactly as described above — it has been written in English and then turned over to a translation team that then produced translated replicas.
从实际观点来看，子文档确实是上述所描述的要处理的内容—它是用英语写的，然后将它转交给翻译小组，生成已翻译的副本。
The third type is fatal battering [as described above].
第三种类型是致命的殴打（正如上文提及）。
As described above, the request is passed though various components during its processing.
如上所述，在处理请求期间，请求是通过各种组件传递的。
The first step is to identify which files you need to copy, modify, and add to the build system so the application gets an extra tool for painting that behaves as described above.
要使这个应用程序获取具有上述功能的一个额外绘图工具，第一步是确认需要复制、修改和添加到构建系统的文件。
Pictured above is one of several striking dust pillars of the Eagle Nebula that might be described as a gigantic alien fairy.
上图为鹰状星云若干突出的尘埃柱之一，就像是一个巨大的外星精灵。
Even assuming that the configuration described above is carried out correctly, the pattern of connections shown in the diagram above will generally not take place quite as you would expect it to.
即使假定上述配置能正确实现，上面的关系图中所示的连接模式通常不会完全按照您的预期实现。
Since pessimistic session locks can be removed as described above, the application that obtained the lock should always check to see if it is still in force before updating data.
如上所述，由于可以删除悲观会话锁，因此获得锁的应用程序始终需要在更新数据之前检测锁是否有效。
As described above, equity is equal to total assets minus total liabilities.
如上所述，普通股等于总资产减去总债务。
Codfying the rules as described above is shown below.
根据上面的说明，修改后的规则如下所示。
This procedure is exactly the same as Step 4 in the bottom-up pattern described above.
该过程与上述自底向上模式中的步骤4完全相同。
The ratio of house prices to workers' pay is still some way above its long-run average, so property in Britain could not yet be described as cheap.
房价和工资比还是略高于长期平均水平，因此英国的房子还算不上便宜。
The mediation flow is basically the same as the flow described above for service level mediation policies.
操作级中介流与此前描述的服务级中介策略流基本相同。
As described above, the value of using an XML database (as opposed to CLOBs or shredding into relational data) is increased performance, XML fidelity, and simplified development.
如前所述，使用XML数据库的价值(相对于CLOB或分割为关系数据)是改进性能，提高xml精确度，以及简化开发。
A failure in the look-up is treated as an event failure as described above.
查找过程中的失败被当作事件失败对待。
As described above, Web service selection is likely to become a significant process in itself.
正如上面所描述的，Web服务选择本身很可能成为重要过程。
Communication between applications as described above is called point-to-point communication, because a message sent by one application is received by exactly one other application.
上面所描述的应用程序间的通信被称为点对点通信(point - to - point communication)，因为一个应用程序发送的消息只被另外一个应用程序接收。
In that case, you can implement the publisher mediation with an export that is a subscriber, just as with the import in the Subscriber1 described above.
在这种情况下，您可以使用针对订阅者的导出操作来实现发布者中介，和使用上述Subscriber 1中的导入时一样。
As you can see from the steps described above, TDD is an iterative process and you can rely on running the JUnit test case after incremental code changes.
正如您可以通过上述步骤看到的那样，TDD是一种迭代流程，您可以依靠在增量式代码更改之后允许JUnit测试用例。
As described above, a common ESB mediation pattern is one where mediations are constructed to act as the exposed (or externally provided) service for an organization, as shown in Figure 1.
如上所述，常见的ESB中介模式是将中介构造为组织的公开(或外部提供的)服务的方式，如图1中所示。
As described above, the cluster information contains, among others, a short text description of the cluster (which is, in this case, a description of all outlier records in this cluster).
如前所述，集群信息包括对集群的简短文本描述(在这里就是对这个集群中所有离群值记录的描述)和其他信息。
First, the Web service class that receives all the inbound requests is the PresenceMonitor, as described above.
首先，如上所述，接收所有入站请求的Web服务类是PresenceMonitor。
This object must have a method called run(), which is executed by the runtime once the current frame in the call stack is specially marked as described above.
这个对象必须有一个名为run() 的方法，在调用堆栈中的当前帧特别做了如上所述的标记时，由运行时执行这个方法。
The tenure space is collected as described above, while the nursery space USES a copying collector.
保留区空间如上所述收集，而托儿所空间使用了一个复制(copying)收集器。
As described above, the Route node evaluates an expression, the result of which is then cast as a Boolean to produce a true or false test condition.
如上所述，Route节点对表达式求值，结果将强制转换为布尔值，以生成真或假的测试条件。
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