在这些地区有巨大的冰帽，是由过去5万年的降雪形成的。
In these regions there are vast ice-caps formed by snow that has fallen over the past 50,000 years.
这些冰和小岩石粒的松散集合形成了彗星。
Loose collections of these ices and small rocky particles form into comets.
这种反馈可能涉及陆地和海洋上的冰、云或水蒸气，这些也会吸收辐射热。
Such feedbacks might involve ice on land and sea, clouds, or water vapor, which also absorb radiant heat.
一旦与冰架脱离，这些冰山就会受到南极洲附近的洋流和季风系统的作用，并开始漂移。人们可以在南极洲较暗淡的冰山群中找到这些散落的冰山。
Once detached from the ice shelf, these bergs drift in the currents and wind systems surrounding Antarctica and can be found scattered among Antarctica's less colorful icebergs.
冰减少的越多，形成的无冰水面就会越多，这些无冰水面在夏天时的温度会持续升高，在冬天结的冰就会减少，来年夏天也会有更多的冰融化。
The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer, the less ice forms in the winter, the more melt there is the following summer.
因此，冰川形成了各种各样的地貌，这些地貌在地表被冰覆盖的解除后很长时间都不会消失。
As a result, glaciers create a great variety of landforms that remain long after the surface is released from its icy covering.
这些冰芯将气体、尘埃和其他化学物质封存在格陵兰岛数千年来的积雪中，然后被压缩成冰。
Such ice cores trap gases, bits of dust, and other chemicals that were present in the snow that fell over Greenland for thousands of years and then became compressed into ice.
实际情况是，冰川底部的冰承受着巨大的压力——这些压力来自于覆盖在上面的冰的重量。
What happens is that the ice at the base of the glacier is under a great deal of pressure—the pressure coming from the weight of the overlying ice.
近代的探险队已经从绿色冰山和冰核中带回了一些冰块样本，这些样本呈垂直的圆柱状，是沿着南极洲大陆的冰川冰架从极深的位置中取出的。
Recent expeditions have taken ice samples from green icebergs and ice cores—vertical, cylindrical ice samples reaching down to great depths—from the glacial ice shelves along the Antarctic continent.
我们被引导着去相信我们能找到很大一部分经过多年冻结形成的更古老、更厚的冰层，这些冰已经存在很多年了，而且会越来越厚。
We'd been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that's been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker.
剩余的积雪能够让雪集成堆，且由于多年的积雪形成的压力，剩余的积雪能够让掩埋的雪变成冰川冰，这些冰川冰的厚度足以使冰块流动。
A surplus allows snow to accumulate and for the pressure of snow accumulated over the years to transform buried snow into glacial ice with a depth great enough for the ice to flow.
冰川正在缓慢地移动大量的冰，这些冰是在每年降雪量大于融化量的地区，在陆地上累积起来的。
Glaciers are slowly moving masses of ice that have accumulated on land in areas where more snowfalls during a year than melts.
它们的生存条件就是雪和冰——改变这些条件，相当于拿走了它们的栖息地和食物。
They're built for the snow and ice -change those conditions, and you take away their habitat and their food supply.
它们的生存条件就是雪和冰——改变这些条件，相当于拿走了它们的栖息地和食物。
They're built for the snow and ice - change those conditions, and you take away their habitat and their food supply.
但是，苏格兰极地研究所的科学家说，这些数字名不副实；格陵兰岛的冰并没有缩收这么多。
But scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute say the figures are wrong; the ice has not shrunk so much.
在4月就已发现这些冰向南向西涌进了波弗特海和楚科奇海。
The ice was flushed southwards and westward into the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, as noted in April.
然而，虽然我们并不想希望北极熊失去它的冰，我们至少应该对近期的这些意识上的转变有一点担心。
Yet, while not wanting to begrudge the polar bear his ice, we should be at least somewhat concerned at this recent shift in thinking.
这些新型地震几乎只在格陵兰发现过，人们发现它们和巨大的快速流动的流冰有明确的联系。
The new earthquakes were traced almost exclusively to Greenland, where they were found to be specifically associated with large, fast-flowing outlet glaciers.
科学家认为这些沟壑形成的最佳原因是，附近的水冰因季节性消融而形成的沙浆及液态水流下山丘形成了这些沟壑。
Scientists think the best explanation for the gullies is that seasonal melting of nearby water ice creates slurries of sand and liquid water, which flow down the crater's dunes.
这架望远镜被命名为“冰立方”，其工作原理是：当一个微中子撞击冰中的水分子原子时，望远镜就会探测这些罕见的场合中产生的闪光。
Called IceCube, it will work by detecting the flashes of light generated on those rare occasions when a neutrino hits one of the atoms in a molecule of water in the ice.
每束电缆还装备了另外四个置于冰面的传感器，这些传感器组合在一起形成了一个冰立方阵列。
Each cable is equipped with another four sensors at the surface, which together make up one IceCube array.
这些冰山先是推进至30英里长的伊卢利萨特冰峡湾，接着进入迪斯科湾，最后滑入北冰洋。
These icebergs push out into the 30-mile-long Ilulissat ice Fjord, and then into Disko Bay and eventually the North Atlantic ocean.
2003年整个夏季之中，上一个夏天冰架崩塌中残留的碎片逐渐分解，而这些冰山和更小冰块的混合物也开始渐渐漂走。
Throughout the summer of 2003, remaining fragments of the shelf broke away, and the melange of icebergs and smaller ice pieces from the previous summer's collapse began to drift away.
许多动物的生命依赖于这些冰架。
在火星上，当深处上升熔岩加热融化地下水冰时，基底侵蚀非常常见，因为这些地下水会流失，带走地下物质。
On Mars, subrosion is widely observed when rising magma heats frozen ground water, which melts and removes subsurface material as it flows away.
这些细菌是从格陵兰冰川冰中钻取的矿样中提取的。
The bugs were extracted from a core sample drilled from glacier ice in Greenland.
艾雅法拉火山顶的小冰帽促成了这些恶作剧。
A small ice cap on top of Eyjafjallajokull has promoted such shenanigans.
艾雅法拉火山顶的小冰帽促成了这些恶作剧。
A small ice cap on top of Eyjafjallajokull has promoted such shenanigans.
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