指不含债务的财政总支出。
各种财政支出对经济增长的作用与其占财政总支出的比例、产出弹性的替代弹性之幂有关。
The effects various kinds of government finance expenditure act on economic growth are relationship with its proportion, output elasticity and its power of substitution elasticity.
研究发现财政支出结构对经济增长有着非常重要的影响,甚至决定了财政总支出对经济增长的作用。
Furthermore, the structure of the government finance expenditure is very important to economic growth, even determine the effect that the government finance expenditure ACTS on economic growth.
不过这个数据有问题,因为美国研发支出的资金来源很多,比如2004年,研发总支出为$2880亿,而财政支出不过$860亿。
The trouble with this statistic is that America has lots of sources of R&D spending: federal money accounted for only $86 billion of the $288 billion that it spent on R&D in 2004.
这项财政紧缩计划是否会失败取决于很多因素,不仅仅是削减总支出。
Whether or not that turns into a tragedy depends upon much else besides dry spending totals.
但政策尚未明朗,财政投入也没有增加太多,卫生总支出也处于较低增长水平,有如80年代的前半期。
However, the policy is ambiguous and fiscal expenditure remains lackluster. Similar to first half of 80s, total health expenditure growth is still in low level.
但政策尚未明朗,财政投入也没有增加太多,卫生总支出也处于较低增长水平,有如80年代的前半期。
However, the policy is ambiguous and fiscal expenditure remains lackluster. Similar to first half of 80s, total health expenditure growth is still in low level.
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