化学，摩擦学，吸附和表面科学。
在现代动力学、谱学和表面科学成就的基础上，对催化的理解和探索已进入分子水平。
Based upon the achievements of modern kinetics, spectroscopy as well as surface science studies, understanding and exploring the catalysis have been going at the molecular level.
另一方面，各种形式的电子发射可用作探测固体表面的手段，对建立表面科学提供更多的信息。
On the other hand, most effects of electron emission can be used to probe a solid surface, giving more information to the building up of surface science.
多重离化态离子在原子分子物理、表面科学、等离子体物理、核物理以及天体物理中，扮演着重要角色。
The multiply charged ions (MCI) play an important role in those fields, such as atom and molecule physics, surface science, plasma physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysical.
但是LeoGross和他的来自苏黎世ibm实验室以及英国利物浦大学表面科学研究中心的同伴们找到了这些问题的方法。
But Leo Gross and colleagues from IBM Research Zurich and the Surface Science Research Centre at the University of Liverpool in the United Kingdom found ways around these problems.
目前，有可靠的科学证据表明，澳大利亚最早的岩石表面艺术创作可追溯到3万至5万年前。
Currently, reliable scientific evidence dates the earliest creation of art on rock surfaces in Australia to somewhere between 30,000 and 50,000 years ago.
这些探测器还让科学家们认为，在木卫二的表面之下，有一个释放出火山的热量的岩石内核。
The probes have also made the scientists think that under its surface, Europa has a rocky core giving off volcanic heat.
“菲莱”号从地球出发的旅行已经花了十年的时间！科学家们不知道彗星的表面会是什么样子。
The trip from Earth by "Philae" had taken ten years! The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like.
从这些研究中，科学家们得出结论，海洋覆盖着原始地球的表面，其中含有构成生命的基本分子。
From these studies, scientists have concluded that the surface of the primitive Earth was covered with oceans containing the molecules fundamental to life.
为了调和这两个事实，科学家们假设，几乎所有产生的氧气都被地球表面的铁吸收了。
As a way of reconciling these two facts, scientists have hypothesized that nearly all of the oxygen being produced was taken up by iron on Earth's surface.
一些科学家推测，火星在早期很长时间里可能都有以河流、湖泊，甚至海洋装点着它的表面。
Some scientists speculate that Mars may have enjoyed an extended early period during which rivers, lakes, and perhaps even oceans adorned its surface.
这不是表面工作，我们为每个区域提供科学方法，以便于让每个地区根据自己情况迎接挑战。
This is not a Washington thing. We are providing the science at the regional level, so that each region addresses its key challenges.
为了解决太空垃圾的问题，科学家们正考虑在这些垃圾的表面安装风帆，增加空气阻力，使它们更快地坠毁在地面上。
Using large deployable surfaces to increase the drag on these objects so they fall to Earth rapidly is one possible solution to the space litter problem.
据科学家推测，土卫二冰冷的表面99%被水冰覆盖，地表之下存在液态水的几率也很大。
The surface of the icy moon is thought to be about 99 percent water ice, with a good chance of liquid water beneath.
在犯罪现场做笔记可不像表面上那么简单，CSI调查员受到的训练包括科学观察法。
Note-taking at a crime scene is not as straightforward as it may seem. A CSI's training includes the art of scientific observation .
科学家们对火星表面的了解甚于他们对地球表面的了解，这句话听上去难免觉得有些老套，但也是事实。
It is a truism that scientists know more about the surface of Mars than they do about the surface of the Earth, but it is also true.
尽管数个世纪以来针对巨石阵已经进行了大量的考古活动和科学研究，但对于其被青苔覆盖的表面相对而言却知之甚少。
Despite the vast amount of archaeological activity and academic study into Stonehenge and its landscape over the centuries, relatively little is known about the lichen-covered surfaces.
在观察蛇在粗糙面表面和光滑表面的爬行之后，纽约大学及另外一些科学家表示蛇爬行的秘密在于它的鳞片。
After watching snakes wriggle up rough fabric surfaces or (less successfully) smooth surfaces, scientists from New York University and elsewhere say the secret is in the scales.
昨晚，科学家表示，广阔的海洋曾经覆盖了火星表面三分之一的面积。
A vast ocean once covered a third of the surface of Mars, scientists revealed last night.
这项研究将帮助科学家们弄清楚，哪些火星表面的特征是由已经不再活跃的过程形成的。
The studies will help scientists figure out what features on Mars were formed by processes that are no longer active.
在土星最大的卫星土卫六上，科学家们发现其表面的布满液态甲烷的积洼，这些甲烷会造成有如豌豆汤一样的浓雾，而且气味更是糟到家了！
The scientists found that Titan, Saturn's largest moon, is covered with puddles of liquid methane, which give rise to a fog that's as thick as pea soup -- and smells a whole lot worse.
如果科学家能研究出一种玻璃，使机动车在其表面行驶，答案就会是很有可能。
Possibly, if scientists can find a way to develop a type of glass that vehicles can drive on safely.
用人工甜味剂代替饼干中的蔗糖，科学家就要加入添加剂，提供散装，而且让饼干表面变成褐色。
Replace a biscuit's sugar with artificial sweetener and a scientist must add ingredients to provide bulk and turn the biscuit's surface brown.
在一个实例中，科学家们发现大量立方码的沙粒从沙丘的表面崩落。
In one instance, scientists found that hundreds of cubic yards of sand had avalanched down the face of a dune.
科学家们希望得到地球表面碳含量数据。这些数据会让碳们了解碳分布的状况及更好的认识海洋和森林吸收二氧碳的能力。
Scientists had hoped the new data, covering the planet, would help them improve climate models and better understand the "carbon sinks" like oceans and forests that absorb much of the gas.
最近巴西和美国的科学家开发出一种简易快速检测钞票表面以鉴别真假的技术。
A simple and fast technique to examine the surface of banknotes and identify counterfeits has been developed by scientists in Brazil and the US.
科学家们检查了南极洲易损表面的记录并且建立了最有可能的海浪传播途径的模型。
The scientists checked records for vulnerable faces of the Antarctic coast and studied models of the likely wave propagation.
科学家们检查了南极洲易损表面的记录并且建立了最有可能的海浪传播途径的模型。
The scientists checked records for vulnerable faces of the Antarctic coast and studied models of the likely wave propagation.
应用推荐