论述了顶煤介质状态转化对工作面支架的作用，不同强度顶煤在工作面控顶区上方的性态分布和放顶煤线处的垮落特点；
The loading affection on supports in process of transformation. the roof coal behaviour on the face zone and its caving character at cavity edge are expounded.
为确保安全和顶煤及时垮落，应实施预爆破或预注水弱化顶煤措施。
In order to ensure safety and top coal caving in time, the measures of pre-blasting or water pre-infusion to weaken top coal should be adopted.
从理论和实践上分析了精梳机钳板机构的改进对落棉和梳理的影响以及顶梳定位的改变。
The writer analyses the influence of nipper innovation on dropping and combing, and the change of top comb location on combers is analysed too.
伪顶是在煤层与直接顶之间存在的极易垮落的软弱岩层，在井下采煤工作面回采时，会常常遇到。
The false top is the existence pole exchanges weak caving rock stratum between the coal seam and direct top. In the coal mining, it may often be happened.
结果表明，优化后的TVC方案避免了弹体抬头的现象发生，提高了导弹击顶时的落角，可降低对战斗部的指标要求。
The results indicate that the optimized TVC scheme avoids rising of missile-body, and increases the impact angle, which reduces the requirement on the warhead.
首先利用相似模拟实验研究了急斜特厚煤层顶煤的冒落特征、顶板的破坏规律，以及地表下沉的特点。
First, based on similar material model test, top coal cave-in characters in steep and thick seam were studied as well as failure law of main roof and features of surface subsiding.
南屯煤矿深部松软煤层巷道，在掘进过程中顶板破碎，伴有大量顶煤冒落且围岩破坏严重。
During the initial excavation, the tender coal seam workings in deep seam in Nantun Colliery takes on slocking of roof, with breaking-out in bulk coal and surrounding rock failure.
而采场顶板冒落机理复杂、影响因素多，若缺乏严格的控顶措施，会带来严重危害。
But the declination mechanisms are complex and be many influence factors. It results in serious jeopardize from being lack of strict control measures.
顶退包括两个过程与顶落的过程基本一致，顶退的终点应预留1-3cm的空间，以保护顶针油管不被顶坏。
The same as knocking out, ejector back includes 2 steps. To protect the ejector oil jar, it should make a 1-3mm distance in the ending point of ejector back.
顶煤的运移与垮落，尤其是内部微观裂隙的扩展，与其直接顶和老顶岩层的活动规律密切相关。
The movement and breakage of top coal, especially its internal micro-fracture extension, are closely related to the movement regularity of its immediate roof and main roof.
特点1、卡瓦同落鱼的接触面积大，鱼顶受压力均匀，不变形。
Contact area of slips and the fish is large, and the fish-top borne force is even and not distorted.
特点1、卡瓦同落鱼的接触面积大，鱼顶受压力均匀，不变形。
Contact area of slips and the fish is large, and the fish-top borne force is even and not distorted.
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