在这篇文章中特别是一个自动避碰基于滑模控制的汽车的方法被提出来。
In this paper, in particular, an automatic pre-crash collision avoidance strategy for cars based on sliding mode control is pre-sented.
ARPA雷达的出现为几何避碰的研究带来质的变化，使得实现船舶自动避碰成为可能。
The invention of ARPA radar resulted in a fundamental change in the study of geometrical collision avoidance, which turned automatic collision avoidance into reality.
基于全任务船舶操纵模拟器，研究可用于测试船舶自动舵算法和自动避碰算法的仿真测试平台。
A simulation platform for testing the algorithms based on full mission ship handling simulator that can overcome the disadvantages listed above was introduced.
然而，由于雷达固有的缺陷，ARPA系统并不能提供自动避碰所需的准确信息，从而制约了自动避碰系统的实际应用。
However, due to the inherent defects of radar, ARPA cannot provide the precise data which is necessary for automatic collision avoidance.
该研究对于完善碰撞危险度的内涵，建立碰撞危险度模型，及在建立自动避碰决策系统中的应用，具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。
The research has an important value to improve the connotation of SCR, establishment of the model and the establishment of automatic decision making system of collision avoidance.
舰船综合导航系统是实施舰船海上航行、避碰、自动驾驶以及航海保障和武器系统有效使用的重要系统。
The integrated ship navigation system is an important system that is employed to navigate shipping, avoid colliding, automate steering, guarantee navigating at sea and weapon system using in effect.
值得指出的是，本软件在给出了避碰方案、行动时机、转向幅度与复航时间的基础上，实现了多船会遇船舶避碰决策的自动仿真。
It should be noted that this software can give out the project, the opportune moment, the extent of veer and the reversion of course, complete the auto-simulation of Multi-ship Collision Avoidance.
ARPA(自动雷达标绘仪)是当今船舶导航避碰主要的辅助设备，如果使用得当，无疑对船舶航行安全将起到积极的作用。
ARPA (Automatic Radar Plotting Aids) is a ship's main assistant equipments for navigation and collision. If it is to be used correctly, no doubt it will make active effect to ship's navigation.
ARPA(自动雷达标绘仪)是当今船舶导航避碰主要的辅助设备，如果使用得当，无疑对船舶航行安全将起到积极的作用。
ARPA (Automatic Radar Plotting Aids) is a ship's main assistant equipments for navigation and collision. If it is to be used correctly, no doubt it will make active effect to ship's navigation.
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