他们发现这些胎儿干细胞在细胞环境中同样可以自发分化为心脏细胞。
They found that the cells spontaneously differentiated into cardiac cells in cell culture as well.
可以想到宿主细胞本身或受体细胞获取外泌体的能力取决于细胞环境和生理状态。
It is conceivable that the ability of up-taking exosomes by host cells themselves or by recipient cells depends on cellular context, and physiological status.
尚未清楚的是什么样合适的细胞环境，和什么样的细胞线索触发了这个再生过程和迁移到发生地。
What's not known is what the right cellular environment is, and what the cellular cues are for this process of regeneration and migration to take place.
面对该区域的损伤，这些细胞已经做出反应，介导室壁内层的重建和确定应该进行修饰的神经干细胞环境。
Faced with damage in the region, these cells had responded, mediating the rebuilding of ventricular wall lining and establishing a modified neural stem cell environment.
通过建立能够更好地模拟体内环境的人类细胞和组织的体外模型，能防止许多这样的死亡。
Many of these deaths could be prevented through the development of in vitro models of human cells and tissues that better mimic in vivo environments.
无论你暴露在何种程度的烟雾环境中，你的肺部细胞都知道并且会做出反应。
No matter what level of exposure of smoke you have, your lung cells know it and they are responding.
例如，研究发现了饮食变化可以减缓炎症，或使体内环境不适于癌细胞繁殖的证据。
Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells.
色素团下面是一层细胞，它可以反射周围环境的光，这些细胞可以帮助章鱼精确地匹配周围的颜色。
Just below the chromatophores is a layer of cells that reflect light from the environment, and these cells help the octopus create a precise match with the colors that surround them.
研究人员检查了这些儿童的脸颊细胞，以寻找环境对基因影响的迹象。
The children's cheek cells were examined for signs of environmental influences upon genes.
这两种机制在肿瘤细胞与其环境的互动过程中是不对称的。
Both mechanisms are due to asymmetry in a tumor cell's interactions with its environment.
但是，在某些条件下，如模仿一个寒冷环境，这些母体细胞可被诱变，从而产生较多棕色脂肪。
But under certain conditions, such as those mimicking a cold environment, these progenitor cells can be induced to make more brown fat.
另外，他还研究电路设计原则究竟怎样帮助基因工程细胞发挥有用功能，例如，对于环境毒素的强大而敏感的检测。
He is also investigating how circuit design principles can help genetically engineer cells to perform useful functions, for example, the robust and sensitive detection of toxins in the environment.
硬化的疤痕组织也能够防止神经损伤再生，因为神经细胞喜欢柔软的环境。
The stiffness of scar tissue may also prevent regeneration in nerve injury, because nerve cells prefer the softest of surroundings.
丝类支架可以被用作组织工程学领域的细胞基质，它能提供细胞生长所需的立体环境。
Silk scaffolds are used as a cell substrate in tissue engineering, providing a three-dimensional environment in which cells can grow.
问题在于不同的细胞需要不同的培养环境进行生长。
The trouble is that cells of different species need different culture conditions to grow properly.
根据方案，将如此设计：敏感元件系统能记录活细胞并在复杂环境下保持关闭状态，直到接收到目标型号。
The idea then, is to design “sensor systems that can enter living cells and complex environments and remain in an ‘off’ state until exposure to a target leads to a [signal].
慕克吉在谈到对癌症“病因”的理解时指的是基因和细胞机理出现紊乱而不是那些引发基因改变的环境因素。
When Mukherjee talks about knowing the "causes" of cancer, he means genes and cellular mechanisms gone wrong, not the environmental agents that might induce changes in those genes.
研究与特定行为有关的电路，已经揭示了许多为了适应环境必会发生的细胞和分子上的变化。
Studying circuits involved in a particular behavior has revealed much about the cellular and molecular changes that must occur in order to interpret the environment.
这就使细胞能从细胞外的环境中捕获原料，并且回应那些能被外部指向型受体接收的信息。
This enables the cell to capture material from the extracellular environment and to respond to cues detected by externally oriented receptors.
近日，科研人员首次利用供体动物的胸腔为培养环境，使细胞生长成一个具有完整功能的肺。
For the first time, researchers have built a functioning lung by growing cells on the skeleton of a donor lung.
他们能去角质，去除死皮，帮助新细胞的生长，并修复环境侵害造成皮肤损伤。
They will exfoliate skin, removing dead skin cells and help new cell growth while repairing skin damage due to environmental assaults.
在迪肯的模型里，生命起源事件的核心，是遇到一个像"自我细胞"那样的，能够在其本身的环境里自我维持的东西。
The core origin-of-life event, in the Deacon model, is getting something like an autocell to maintain itself in its environmental context.
研究者们降低氧浓度来模拟细胞在胚胎内生长所需的低氧环境。
The researchers lowered oxygen levels to simulate the hypoxic environment these cells would experience when they grow inside an embryo.
我们还不知道我们移植的细胞为什么不以已经存在细胞的反应方式对周围环境作出反应。
We don't yet know why the cells we transplanted are not responding to the environment around them in the way that the cells that are already there respond.
他们报告说，该病毒的快速复制表明它适应了人类细胞的环境。
The virus's rapid replication indicates that it is adapted to human cells, they reported.
在这种更为有利的环境中，细胞发育正常进行。这位妇女怀上了三胞胎，胎儿携带着她和她丈夫两人的DNA——这跟其他正常的婴儿没什么大的差别。
In this more benign environment, development proceeded normally, and the woman became pregnant with triplets who carried a mix of her DNA and her husband's — pretty much like any normal baby.
活跃T细胞可能爆炸性繁殖，并可能形成最后危害身体的诱发环境。
Active t cells multiply at an explosive rate and can create an inflammatory environment with serious consequences for the body.
当然，肝是适合某些特定瘤细胞的生长环境。
Potentially, the environment of the liver is suitable to the growth of certain tumor cells.
在17种鲨鱼的视网膜中，最常见的感光体是视杆细胞，这意味着鲨鱼在不同的亮度环境下都可以看得到外界。
Rod cells were the most common types of photoreceptor found in all 17 shark species, which means the predators should be able to see within a wide range of light levels.
合成生物学需要将这些起初纤弱无比的镜像细胞转变成能在自然环境中生存的某种生命，但这样的科学进步近乎遥遥无期。
And the advances in synthetic biology required to transform those first delicate mirror cells into anything that could survive in the wild are even more remote.
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