答案在于微小的线粒体基因组。
早期线粒体基因狂轰滥炸的结果，就是突变率高到爆棚。
As a result of the early gene bombardment from mitochondria, the mutation rate surely shot through the roof.
这是最古老的智人线粒体基因组产生的日期。
This is the oldest complete Homo sapiens mtDNA genome generated to date.
线粒体生物合成依赖于细胞核与线粒体基因的协同表达。
Mitochondrial biogenesis depends on coordinated expression of genes in the nucleus and mitochondria.
然而，她的分析表明，线粒体基因的关系模式不同于核dna的关系模式。
However, her analysis showed that the pattern of relationships for the mitochondrial genes was different to that of the nuclear DNA.
他们对西伯利亚洞穴的单个人类手指的线粒体基因组进行了排序。
They sequenced the mitochondrial genome of a single human finger from a Siberian cave.
结果表明，核背景的改变对线粒体基因的表达具有广泛的影响。
According to the results, it is concluded that there are extensive effects of nuclear background on mitochondrial gene expression.
文中探讨了线粒体基因和基因组在系统发生学应用中的研究进展。
The application of mitochondrial gene and mitochondrial genome in analysis of phylogenetics in recent studies are summarized here.
研究人员今天公布，他们完成了对一只古代北极熊线粒体基因组的测序。
Researchers announced today that they have sequenced the mitochondrial genome of an ancient polar bear.
如果细胞变得更大、更有活力，它们则需要更多的拷贝这些线粒体基因来维持生计。
If cells get bigger and more energetic, they need more copies of these mitochondrial genes to stay alive.
将两段线粒体基因片断连接起来，以两种构树方法进行系统发育重建。
The molecular phylogeny using the combined sequences of cox3 and cytb gene was reconstructed.
目的探讨乳腺癌的线粒体基因D环区的体细胞性突变和多态性变异特征。
Objective To investigate the features of somatic mutations and polymorphisms of mitochondrial D loop regions in breast cancer.
同一年，公开发表了首个完整的穴居人线粒体基因组；随后发表了另外五个。
That same year, the first complete mitochondrial genome of a Neandertal was published; five others soon followed.
结果分析得到几乎一半的线粒体基因定位在染色体的着丝粒和亚着丝粒区域。
Almost half of mitochondrial genes showing physical clusters were located in the pericentromeric and subtelomeric regions of the chromosome.
因此，人们理所当然的认为任何动物都带有包含全部线粒体基因的单一线粒体染色体。
Thus, it has almost been taken for granted that any animals would have a single mitochondrial chromosome with all mitochondrial genes on it.
并且，隼科和鹰科之间的平均遗传距离也远超过其它猛禽线粒体基因的平均遗传距离。
Our data also suggeted that genetic distance between Accipitridae and Falconidae was longer than the average.
正如在《自然》的文章所示，微小的线粒体基因组做这些事情，并且成本很容易负担得起。
Do it for the tiny mitochondrial genome and the cost is easily affordable, as shown in the Nature paper.
应用线粒体基因A1555G突变检测试剂盒检测线粒体基因1555位点的突变情况；
The genetic testing kit for mtDNA A1555G mutation was used to detect mtDNA A1555G mutation.
结论TTGE是筛选线粒体基因体细胞性同质性突变和各种比例异质性突变的一种敏感方法。
Conclusion TTGE is an effective method for screening acquired homoplasmic mitochondrial gene mutation and its different percentage.
肿瘤自然的高基因突变率通常导致ctvt线粒体基因不能正常工作，造成它们失去了繁殖力。
A naturally high rate of genetic mutation in cancers regularly leads to non-functional genes in the CTVT mitochondria, which causes them to lose productivity.
线粒体转录终止因子蛋白的作用是与线粒体dna的特异位点结合，导致线粒体基因转录停止。
The function role of mitochondrial transcription termination factor is binding mitochondrial special DNA and leading to terminate mitochondrial gene transcription.
这只熊的线粒体基因组是目前报告中哺乳动物中最早的了——是猛犸的基因组还要古老近两倍的时间。
The bear's mitochondrial genome is the oldest one yet reported from a mammal-nearly twice as old as the mammoth genome.
一种名字有点象占星书术语的叫Trimastix的单细胞鞭毛虫隐隐出现在人们视野里，它也正好有线粒体基因。
An obscure single-celled flagellate with a name like a character from an Asterix book - Trimastix - also turned out to have mitochondrial genes.
结论：本实验直接用PCR扩增乳腺癌血浆核酸中线粒体基因，并用DHPLC初步筛选突变并测序证实。
CONCLUSION: We first amplified mtDNA in circulating plasma from breast cancer patients by direct PCR, checked mutation by DHPLC and confirmed results by sequencing.
马丁揭示，在哪些可以追溯到祖先的线粒体基因上，有75%或更多的成分来自当时外来的细菌而非宿主细胞。
Martin has shown that, of the eukaryotic genes whose ancestry can be traced, 75 per cent or more came from bacteria rather than the host cell.
编码细胞色素氧化酶I亚单位（COI）的线粒体基因拥有一些额外的使其尤为适合作为进化研究分子标志的特性。
The mitochondrial gene encoding subunit I of cytochrome oxidase (COI) possesses some extra characteristics which make it particularly suitable as a molecular marker for evolutionary studies.
在一个线粒体基因中具备密切相关的如此一个高度保守和变异的混合区域，使得COI基因尤为适合用于进化研究。
Such a mix of highly conserved and variable regions so closely associated in a mitochondrial gene make the COI gene particularly useful for evolutionary studies.
线粒体是重要的细胞器，为细胞的生命活动提供能量，线粒体的正常功能是核基因和线粒体基因共同作用维持的结果。
Mitochondria is the essential element for a cell, in which generates energy. The normal functions of a mitochondria are controlled by both mitochondrial genome and nuclear genome.
他们利用基于概率的方法和自举的方法估计参数阈值，这个参数阈值能很好地描述线粒体基因在核基因组中的分布情况。
We used a keyword finding method and a bootstrapping method to estimate parameter values that represent the distribution pattern of mitochondrial genes in the nuclear genome.
用9个玉米和水稻线粒体基因探针与酶切条带杂交发现，不育系与保持系线粒体DNA的相同大小酶切片段含有相似的顺序。
Homologous sequences of mtDNA were found between MS and maintainer lines by using 9 probes of maize and rice to hybridize with digested mtDNA.
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