这种鱼以浮游生物为主食。
最早的有性繁殖生物是自由漂浮的浮游生物。
The first organisms that reproduced sexually were free-floating plankton.
海洋中浮游植物的数量在变化。
浮游植物的类型正在发生变化。
浮游植物是生长在海里的微小植物。
Phytoplankton are microscopic plants that grow in the ocean.
但浮游植物易受海洋变暖趋势的影响。
But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend.
浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。
有些地区虽然富含氮化合物，但浮游生物却很少。
Some areas, though rich in these nitrogen compounds, have few plankton.
然而，浮游植物只在铁含量足够高的地表水中繁殖。
However, phytoplankton flourish only in surface waters where iron levels are sufficiently high.
这种现象的核心是被称为浮游植物的微小海洋微生物。
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton.
根据浮游植物的种类和浓度，海洋颜色有从绿色到蓝色不等。
Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.
该模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。
The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.
海洋沉积物中浮游生物的这种变化标志着白垩纪和第三纪的分界线。
This change in plankton found in marine deposits is what marks the boundary between the Cretaceous and the Tertiary.
这些营养物质会对海星产生影响，因为它们会增加浮游植物的生长。
These nutrients have an effect on the starfish, because they cause an increase in the growth of phytoplankton.
海马常用尾巴将自己固定在水草或珊瑚枝上，以过往的浮游动物为食。
Anchoring themselves to blades of grass or fingers of coral with their tails, seahorses spend their time feeding on zooplankton.
这本书有许多海洋动物的彩色照片，从浮游生物到小丑鱼乃至逆戟鲸。
This book has large color photographs of sea animals, from plankton to clownfish to orcas.
这些地区的铁含量特别低，海洋学家推测，铁的缺乏阻碍了浮游生物的繁殖。
These areas have particularly low concentrations of iron, and oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving.
由于光在这些浮游生物身上产生反射，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。
Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.
但在某些水域，如北极水域，气候变暖将使浮游植物的生存条件变得更加恶劣。
But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions worse for phytoplankton.
"浮游植物生活在海洋表面，在那里他们把二氧化碳释放到海里，同时放出氧气。
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen.
在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物生长成熟，而这些区域会变得更绿。
In some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.
在世界上所有的海洋，包括北冰洋，尾海鞘都是出没在浮游植物密度最大的水域表面。
Found in all the oceans of the world, including the Arctic Ocean, appendicularians tend to remain near the water's surface where the density of phytoplankton is greatest.
然而，尽管当地铁浓度立即提高，在一个这样的区域实验释放铁化合物却没有产生大量的浮游生物。
However, an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.
气态星球上可能存在巨型浮游生物。它们像小型飞船那样漂在厚厚的大气中，靠“吃”闪电获取能量为生。
There may be giant plankton on gaseous planets. They float in a thick atmosphere like small spaceships and live by "eating" lightning.
世界上大多数的海洋沉积物不是含有浮游生物就是含有大量的蕨类孢子，但它们并不是同时存在于同一层中。
Most marine deposits from around the world contain either plankton or a lot of fern spores but not both together in the same layer.
但是海洋中浮游动物每天的垂直运动——夜里上浮以寻找食物，白天下潜以躲避捕食者——也可以被视作迁徒。
But daily vertical movements by zooplankton in the ocean—upward by night to seek food, downward by day to escape predators—can also be considered migration.
人们提出了许多理论来解释食草动物，如浮游动物，在控制浮游植物高度集中地区的食草动物方面所起的作用。
Many theories have been formulated to explain the role of grazers such as zooplankton in controlling the excluded grazers from regions of high phytoplankton concentration.
虽然后来的实验证实，这种方法增加了浮游植物的生长，但实地试验表明，这种生长不会显著降低大气中的二氧化碳。
While experiments subsequently confirmed that such a procedure increases phytoplankton growth, field tests have shown that such growth does not significantly lower atmospheric carbon dioxide.
气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们不仅需要阳光和二氧化碳才能生长，而且还需要营养。
Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
气候变化将加速某些地区浮游植物的生长，同时减少其他地区的浮游植物，导致海洋的外观发生变化。
Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
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