表7提供了可用测试规格说明技术的一个概述。
Table 7 provides an overview of the available test specification techniques.
可用的测试基础会极大地影响测试规格说明技术的选择。
The available test basis greatly influences the choice of test specification techniques.
以下各节将描述有关测试策略开发和测试规格说明技术的许多RUP特定的提示。
The following sections will describe a number of RUP-specific hints regarding test strategy development and test specification techniques.
除了以上提到的测试规格说明技术之外，检查单也被使用，它是基于经验和系统的许多值得测试或复审的方面的。
Besides the test specification techniques mentioned above, checklists are used, which are based on experience and summarize many aspects of the system that are worth testing or reviewing.
TMap有多个技术特性，包括测试策略开发、测试点分析、测试的易测性复审和许多测试规格说明技术和检查单。
TMap features several techniques, including test strategy development, test point analysis, the testability review of the test basis, and many test specification techniques and checklists.
在2002年以前，RUP的重点是在传统的计划、规格说明和测试的执行上，并且很大的一个重点是在测试自动化上。
Until 2002, the emphasis of RUP testing was on conventional planning, specification, and execution of tests, with a strong emphasis on test automation.
业务分析师常常执行基于定义软件应用的规格说明或用例文档的测试。
Business analysts often perform tests based on specifications or use case documents that define the software application.
它要求建立需求、规格说明、测试计划和交付。
It requires establishing requirements, specification, test planning, and rollout.
取决于测试思想的详细程度，这种映射可以在准备阶段中的测试技术选择中或在规格说明阶段的测试用例规格说明中发现。
Depending on the level of detail of test ideas a mapping can be found in the choice of test techniques in the Preparation phase or in the specification of test cases in the specification phase.
RUP强调，规格说明和测试用例的执行可以是并行的活动，让我们讨论一下如何从一个TMap的观点来处理这个问题。
RUP stresses that specification and execution of test cases can be parallel activities. Let's discuss how to deal with this from a TMap point of view.
契约是正式的规格说明，设计必须满足它，而且各种形式的测试也都应该使用它。
The contract is the formal specification, its what the design has to meet and its this that should be used for all forms of testing
TMap执行阶段的剩余活动可以放在测试和评价中，和规格说明的大多少活动一样。
The remaining activities from the TMap phase Execution can be placed under Test and Evaluate, as can most of the activities from Specification.
遵循这些规格说明，业务设计师通常手动地测试软件应用程序，并用他们熟悉的格式(例如，MicrosoftWord或Excel)记录他们的发现。
Following these specifications, business analysts typically test the software application manually and document their findings in a format familiar to them (e.g., Microsoft Word or Excel).
TMap规格说明阶段可以被映射到RUP中的测试和评价，如表4所示。
The TMap phase Specification can be mapped to Test and Evaluate in RUP, as shown in Table 4.
并且在产品的技术资料中应当有按照国际标准的测试方法和产品规格的详细说明。
And the technical information should be in accordance with international standards of testing methods and detailed product specifications.
接下来，本文描述了在测试基于组件的软件系统时出现的问题和挑战，并提出了一个基于组件规格说明的测试模型。
Next, it describes issues and challenges in testing component-based software, and proposes a component specification-based test model for component-based software.
介绍了一种基于形式规格说明和分类树方法生成软件测试用例的方法。
An approach for generating test cases from formal specification and the classification-tree method is presented.
根据测试用例产生的依据可以将软件测试分为基于程序代码的测试和基于规格说明的测试两大类。
According to the source that is used to derive tests, software testing is classified into two categories -program based testing and specification based testing.
完整性测试验证系统的各组成部分是否按照程序设计和系统设计规格说明协同工作。
Integration testing is the process of verifying that the components of a system work together as described in the program design and system design specifications.
一致性测试就是测试协议的实现是否与相关国际标准中的规格说明相一致。
The conformance test of protocol is to test the conformance between implementation of protocols and their specifications in accordance with international standards.
由软件的形式规格说明构造分类树，再把由分类树方法得到的测试用例转化为析取范式，进一步精炼测试用例。
Firstly, a classification-tree is constructed based on specification of the test object, and then test cases obtained from the classification-tree are refined by generating a disjunctive normal form.
这里我想大家注意的一件事，就是测试和调试是不同的两件事情，我们测试的时候，我们把输入输出，跟程序的规格说明书对比下。
So one of the things I want you to notice here is that testing and debugging are not the same thing. When we test, we compare an input output pair to a specification.
本文研究了基于代数规格说明的面向对象类测试方法，构造了一个半自动化的测试框架。
The paper describes the methods of the class-level testing for object-oriented software based on algebraic specification, and constructs a frame for semi-automatic testing frame.
本文提出了一种从形式规格说明中利用等价类划分的方法自动生成软件测试用例的算法，给出了算法步骤。
The paper puts forward an automated testing case generator algorithm which uses equivalence class division methods and formal specification.
在基于形式规格说明的测试过程中逻辑覆盖测试准则是一组常用的测试准则，如何选择和使用其中的每个测试准则是应用这组测试准则时面临的主要问题。
Logic coverage criteria are the common criteria used in specification-based testing. The main problem of applying these criteria that test engineers face is how to appropriately select each criterion.
简单说明：适用于大型家具、办公桌椅、家电等试件作跌落测试，规格接受订制。
Instroduction:Apply to drop testing for large-sized furniture, desk, chair, and home appliance. The size can be specified by customer.
集成测试就是验证系统各个组成部分能否按程序设计和系统设计规格说明书所描述的方式一起工作的过程。
Integration (73) is the process of verifying that the components of a system work together as described in the program design and system design specifications.
本文研究了基于形式规格说明来生成有效测试用例的方法。
Then, the formal specification can be written according to the use case scenarios.
本文研究了基于形式规格说明来生成有效测试用例的方法。
Then, the formal specification can be written according to the use case scenarios.
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