这使得更多的太阳辐射穿透地球的大气层，从而促进气候强迫作用(更短波辐射到达地球，升高陆地和海洋表面气温)。
This allows more solar radiation to penetrate the earth's atmosphere, which promotes a climate forcing effect (more short wave radiation reaches the earth, warming land and sea-surface temps).
使用大量煤炭的国家(如波兰)担心，气候变化方案将强迫他们停止用煤。
Countries that use a lot of coal, such as Poland, fear that the climate-change package will force them to abandon it.
但他说，还有一个问题没有被充分理解，那就是气候是如何对这种强迫性作用作出回应的。
He said that what's less well-understood is how the climate responds to this forcing.
这些所谓的温室气体，对气候系统施加强迫性，这一点已经得到了很好的理解。
And this so-called greenhouse gas forcing on the climate system is well-understood.
通过对气候响应的进一步分析发现：模拟结果显示了从硫酸盐含量到辐射强迫和地表温度响应逐渐加大的不确定性。
By the further analysis to the climate responses, the simulation results show the gradually increasing uncertainties from sulfate contents to radiative forcing and surface temperature response.
对于NCAR模式，如果强迫足够大，气候系统将会经历失控增暖。
The climate system, at least in the NCAR model, will suffer a runaway warming provided that forcing is sufficiently large.
大气气溶胶质粒通过直接辐射强迫和间接辐射强迫两种方式影响着地球气候系统，同时，它在区域环境空气质量问题上也扮演重要角色。
Aerosol has much influence on the earth-atmosphere climate system through its impact on direct and indirect radiative forcing. It also plays a crucial role in regional air pollution problems.
研究表明，中国的CO2年排放量呈不断增加趋势，温室气体正辐射强迫的总和是造成气候变暖的主要原因。
The research has shown that the CO2 emission in China has continuously increased and the sum of positive radiative forcings produced by greenhouse gases is responsible for climate warming.
用一个有外强迫的、简单的动力系统研究气候系统中的准两年振荡（平均周期长度比两年稍长或稍短的准周期振荡）。
The QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation) in the climate system, with a mean cycle-length slightly above or below 2 years, is studied in a simple forced dynamical system.
在全球气候系统中，由于太阳的强迫作用，最基本的变化模式是日变化和季节变化。
The most fundamental modes of variability of the global climate system are the diurnal and seasonal cycles, Which are associated with large and well-defined variations in the solar forcing.
水溶性离子是大气气溶胶中的重要组成成分，其在大气中的直接和间接辐射强迫能够对全球气候变化产生十分重要的影响。
The paper studies on the main physics- chemical properties of water soluble ions in atmospheric particulates and their relations with precipitation in different seasons of Lanzhou.
水溶性离子是大气气溶胶中的重要组成成分，其在大气中的直接和间接辐射强迫能够对全球气候变化产生十分重要的影响。
The paper studies on the main physics- chemical properties of water soluble ions in atmospheric particulates and their relations with precipitation in different seasons of Lanzhou.
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