然而，既有桥梁承载力不足、病害、老化以及破损等一直是世界性难题。
However, insufficient capacity of existing Bridges, disease, aging and other damage has been a global problem.
既有桥梁的养护维修、鉴定评估和加固改造也已经成为工程界的热点问题。
Servicing, assessment and reconstruction for existing bridges have become the focus in engineering field.
既有桥梁承载力评定方法的研究是一个世界性的课题，目前还处于研究阶段。
Research on carrying capacity evaluation measures of highway Bridges is a cosmopolitan issue for discussion, which is still in the research period.
通过监测，说明对既有桥梁进行监控是保证既有桥梁安全性和使用性能的有效手段。
Through the monitoring example, to monitor and control the existing bridge was proved to be an effective means of guaranteeing its safety and performance when constructing the new trestle.
针对既有桥梁结构的特点，建立了考虑荷载历史的可靠度分析模型，并讨论了其计算方法。
Models of reliability analysis were established and calculation methods of the models were discussed with consideration of load history for the evaluation of existing bridge structures.
依靠技术进步，对既有桥梁可靠性进行科学评估，以保证其营运的安全可靠性显得至关重要。
Rely on technological progress, it is critical to ensure safety and reliability on the scientific assessment of the reliability of existing bridge.
合理评估既有桥梁承载能力是保证线路安全的一项重要工作，也是需要进一步研究的重要课题。
Therefore, the reasonable evaluation on the bearing capacity of existing bridges is not only an urgent issue in order to insuring the sa.
因此，迫切需要对我国既有桥梁的延性抗震能力进行分析，对不满足延性要求的桥梁进行抗震加固。
Therefore, all the ready-made bridges must be urgently analyzed to assess their anti-seismic capacity. The bridges that can't meet the requirements of ductility must be strengthened.
为了保证既有桥梁的安全运营和尽可能延长它的正常使用年限，应对其进行实时健康监测与安全性评估。
In order to make the existing bridge safety operation and extending its safe service period, the bridge health monitoring and safety assessment should be done in a real-time way.
介绍对既有桥评估的主要内容、依据，对既有桥现状进行检查的方法，以及对既有桥梁进行静动载检测的内容及注意事项。
The content and references of the detection and evaluation, the methods of the inspection for existing Bridges, the substances and attentions of the bridge static and dynamic load test are introduced.
依混凝土保护层碳化失效概率，提出了既有混凝土桥梁耐久性预测的一种简便方法。
According to the failure probability on carbonization of the concrete cover, a simple method of durability prediction is proposed for the existing concrete Bridges.
在传统层次分析法的基础上，将改进的AHM层次分析法，应用于铁路既有混凝土桥梁综合性能评价中。
Based on the traditional analytic hierarchical process, the analytic hierarchical model AHM was used in comprehensive performance evaluation of railway existing concrete bridge.
工程设计与施工实例表明该技术可在大跨桥梁、屋盖及既有结构加固中应用。
The design and construction examples prove that this technology could be applied in the long span bridge, roof structures and strengthening of existing structures.
本文针对既有钢筋混凝土桥梁的特点，对可靠性评估的若干重要问题进行了研究，主要内容如下。
In this paper, to aim at the characteristics of existing highway reinforced concrete Bridges, some topics of reliability assessment are studied. The major contents are summarized as follows.
本文以桥梁仿真分析技术为主线，以整治效果为目标，以荷载试验和长期观测为检验手段，建立了既有钢桥裂纹安全检测评估系统。
Based upon finite element simulation analysis, load tests and long-term observation, a detection and evaluation system for old steel bridge safety was developed in this thesis.
南京市秦虹大桥的部分低桩承台深水基础位于泄洪河道中，并处于既有市政桥梁基础附近。
The partial low pile cap deep water foundations of Qinhong bridge are located in the flood discharge channel and near by existing civil bridge foundations in Nanjing.
对常用铁路桥梁的既有可靠指标进行了推算。校准范围和一简化的验算式，初步选择出分项安全系数。
Then, reliability indexes of existing typical railway bridges are estimated, and partial safety factors required in the bridge code are suggested.
广州市某地铁车站由多个水平和倾斜的隧道组成，与既有城市道路桥梁桩基距离很近。
A metro station in the city of Guangzhou is composed of several horizontal and inclined tunnels, which are very close to some of the pile foundations of a road bridge.
体外预应力技术是加固既有钢筋混凝土桥梁结构最有效的方法之一。
External prestressing is one of the most effective methods to strengthen bridge.
结合桥梁—人行道系统的现场振动测试和螺栓试样断口分析结果，指出既有桥上发生的U型螺栓破断属于疲劳破坏，并提出了改进意见。
Some in-site vibrating test and metal fracture analysis have been done to reveal that the crack of the U-shaped bolts is fatigue failure and some reference for designer is put forward.
桥梁承载力的评估方法众多，而静载试验法可以对既有混凝土桥梁承载力做到准确、高效地评估。
There are many methods that can evaluate the bearing capacity of Bridges, but static load test can evaluate the concrete bridge bearing capacity more accurately and effectively.
桥梁承载力的评估方法众多，而静载试验法可以对既有混凝土桥梁承载力做到准确、高效地评估。
There are many methods that can evaluate the bearing capacity of Bridges, but static load test can evaluate the concrete bridge bearing capacity more accurately and effectively.
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