对上游碳资源征税是为碳排放定价的一种简单方法，尽管一些国家可能希望使用其他方法，例如碳排放交易计划。
A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on carbon emissions, although some countries may wish to use other methods, such as emissions trading schemes.
碳排放交易有用吗？
同时，它们不应再在加入全球排放交易机制一事上推诿。
That may or may not happen. In the meantime the airline industry should stop fighting to delay its inclusion in a global emissions-trading scheme.
欧盟在总量管制与排放交易政策上一直走在前列。
The European Union has been at the forefront of cap-and-trade policy.
所有这一切并不意味着碳排放交易正平稳地向前推进。
All this activity does not mean the course of carbon trading is proceeding smoothly.
问：中方对欧盟将航空纳入碳排放交易体系持何立场？
Q: What is China's position on the EU incorporating aviation emissions into the carbon trading scheme?
欧洲的排放交易方案(ets)具有许多明显的缺陷。
毫无疑问，排放交易计划的批评者会说，美国最好不搞这个。
Critics of emissions trading will undoubtedly say the US is better off without it.
目前，欧洲排放交易体系这一主要的强制性市场并不承认森林碳信用额。
For the moment the main compulsory market, Europe's emissions-trading scheme, does not accept forest-carbon credits.
由欧洲碳排放交易计划(ets)制定的碳排放价格已然存在。
A carbon price now exists, established by the European Emissions-Trading Scheme (ETS).
嘲笑者也许认为碳排放交易不可能被当作一个真正的大宗商品市场认真对待。
Scoffers may think the trading of carbon emissions cannot be taken seriously as a proper commodity market.
既要保证就业又要拯救地球的任务就由欧盟排放交易机制来实现了。
The trick of managing both to save jobs and the planet will mostly be left to the EU’s Emissions-Trading Scheme (ETS).
当提及全球暖化时，并不存在简单的排放交易，比如在牧牛上削减，而让给汽车。
There are no easy trade-offs when it comes to global warming - such as cutting back on cattle to make room for cars.
即使是印度和中国也已实行了其它形式的碳排放税或污染物排放交易细则。
Even India and China have adopted versions of carbon taxes or emissions trading.
欧盟于2005建立的“排放交易计划”是目前制定碳价的唯一大规模举措。
The European Union’s Emissions-Trading Scheme, which started up in 2005, is the only large-scale attempt so far to set a carbon price.
这6个国家都采取“防止全球变暖策略”，策略包括碳税，排放交易计划和新能源补贴。
Its report compares the additional costs imposed on electricity producers in six countries by anti-warming strategies, including carbon taxes, emission-trading schemes and clean-energy subsidies.
他们还提倡碳排放交易，允许通过付款给其它排放量较少的国家来抵消部分排放。
They also advocate carbon trading, which allows some emissions to be offset by paying someone else to reduce theirs.
欧盟严格遵循一个碳权只能用于抵消一吨碳排放，唯有如此，排放交易计划才能维持有效运作。
The European Union argues that one credit must equal one tonne of carbon dioxide for its Emissions Trading Scheme, the largest emissions market, to be effective.
今年不会推动国会通过碳排放交易计划，对碳污染进行收费；这项行动将至少推迟到2013年。
Instead of using this year to get parliament to adopt an emissions-trading scheme that would put a price on carbon pollution, action will now be delayed until 2013 at least.
最好的是设定一项碳排放税，此税相比“总量管制和排放交易体系”更不容易受商业游说的影响。
Best of all, set a carbon tax, which is less susceptible to capture by business lobbies than is a cap-and-trade system.
他们更多时候共同反对的是奥巴马的总量管制与排放交易方案将会在这个经济衰退期间课以重税。
A more common objection to Mr Obama's cap-and-trade proposal is that it would amount to a huge tax hike in the middle of a recession.
美国环保署说，没有“补偿”的帮助，在“总量管制和排放交易”体系下的碳价将会是今天的两倍。
The Environmental Protection Agency says that without the contribution from offsets, the carbon price under the cap-and-trade system would be twice as high as it is now.
排放交易机制覆盖的领域可以被排除在后一个因素之外，从而解决两种工具之间内容可能重合的问题。
Sectors covered by the ETS could be excluded from the scope of the latter element, thus resolving the problem of potential overlap between the two instruments.
在2013年之后，排碳上限将会逐年下调，而在欧盟“排放交易计划”中的碳价格将因此而获得支持。
That cap will be cut each year after 2013: this should help to support carbon prices in the EU's Emissions-Trading Scheme.
去年暑假他曾声称会以参议员身份投票反对总量管制与排放交易方案，而实际上在议会中却投了赞成票。
Last summer he said he would vote against a cap-and-trade scheme as a senator, though he had voted for the plan in the House.
去年暑假他曾声称会以参议员身份投票反对总量管制与排放交易方案，而实际上在议会中却投了赞成票。
Last summer he said he would vote against a cap-and-trade scheme as a senator, though he had voted for the plan in the House.
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